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ATT00040CREATING AND FINE TUNING SCENES

                                                Editing My Wife’s Autobiography

                                                I am a saboteur

                                                behind the lines

                                                eliminating adjectives

                                                adverbs and other

                                                old lovers.

                                                            -John Lehman

In the following excerpt look for:

1. description  (how much?–the telling detail, not adjectives or adverbs, get the audience to judge, use of motion, atmosphere—setting mirroring character, conflict or theme (remember “opposites,” especially between characters and within the central character)

2. introducing characters through action (suggest singularity and temperament, gesture–body language)

3. dialogue–emotional subtext (each character in a scene has an agenda) summary dialogue, indirect dialogue, direct dialogue, hidden dialogue

4.   realization–reaction, inner response, ie, emotional beat (Getting Closer) different from expository writing (topic sentence then development), the beat, not the paragraph is the unit, and its tempo is the changing intensity of your story.

5. changing place (and time), begin scene with establishing dialogue or description.

GETTING CLOSER by Frances Metzman (Rosebud #10) 

            I smell the earthy root odor of potatoes boiling on the stove.  Smoke billows upward.  As I lift the heavy pot and drain the water, steam burns my eyes.  My mother’s heavy footsteps thump on the linoleum behind me.  The sound chills my blood.  Turning my head, I see she is only retrieving eggs from the refrigerator.  Although I promise myself not to anticipate the worst, I am jumpy, worried.

            Dumping the potatoes into a mixing bowl, I blink away the sting of heat and add several tablespoons of butter, the sautéed onions and eggs.  I beat it all together with a portable hand mixer.  Adding salt and pepper, I watch as the ingredients are pummeled into a smooth batter.  The odor of melted butter wafts upward.  The filling for the knishes is nearly done, and, so far so good.  No fights that draw blood.

            “You shouldn’t use electric appliances.  The knishes have to be made totally by hand,” my mother says, making a depression in a mound of flour and breaking eggs into it.

            Without the mixer I’d have to stay longer.  I feel my back stiffen.  “This is 1996,” I say.  “Your great-grandmother in Russia would have loved to have one of these.”

            “The woman couldn’t read, and sold bread by the roadside.  They had no electricity.  What would she do with your mixer?”

            I concentrate on a bowl as though I’m inventing a cure for cancer.

            I love knishes, those round, flaky-doughed turnovers filled with pureed potato.  When I had asked my mother to show me how to make them, I’d hoped we’d use the opportunity to declare a truce.  We’ve gotten adept at shouting matches, but in the last year or two I can hardly face her.  I visit as little as possible.  Give it one last chance, I told myself.

            At first, she’d been excited by the prospect; now I see her expression has dulled.  She’s cut me off again.  Why do I feel like an orphan around her?

            My mother excels in the kitchen.  It’s not that she’s nicer, but her obsession with food seems to give her a measure of control over her life.  She commands every utensil within her reach and any hapless human in her way.  Parboiling, braising, steaming, sautéing, roasting and frying are performed like sacred rituals.  I hold out little hope that getting her to initiate me into her hallowed sanctuary will reunite us.  But it’s the last-ditch effort before I turn my back forever.

            A tall large woman, my mother has developed thickening petrified slabs of flesh on her body over the years, kind of like the rings of a cut tree that tell its age.  Yet now she moves like a musical conductor, stewing flour on the board as though bringing a violin section to a crescendo.

            As she rolls the dough flat, each push forward seems calculated.  It’s as though she must duplicate that motion exactly the same distance each time.  I want her to stay in that position since I won’t have to hear the flat slapping, that odd rhythm on the floor that fills me with dread.

            She folds the sheet of dough over her rolling pin and holds it in front of my face.  it is beautiful, evenly translucent and a near-perfect oval.  My sheet of dough has ragged edges and tears in the middle.

            Using the back of a spoon, she runs the filling along a section of dough.  Then she folds the overlapping sides over and seals it by brushing the seams with a beaten egg.  A long puffed tube emerges.  After dipping her hand in a bowl of flour, she cuts off sections with the side of her hand.

            “I cut it this way because the dough sticks together naturally.  Cutting with a knife just makes it fall apart.  You didn’t know that, did you?”

            “No.”  I smack the rolling pin against my palm.  “How the hell would I know that”  You never let me in your precious kitchen.”  And when you give me a recipe, I want to shout out loud, you deliberately forget to tell me the most important ingredient anyway.

            My mother claps her hands together and a cloud of flour dust rises.  “That temper of yours again.  That’s why you’re thirty-five and not married.”

            “Knock it off,” I answer in disgust.  Why can’t I hide my anger?  I feel tired although we’ve only been at it for half an hour.  As I wipe the sweat from my face with a tissue, I

think it’s one hundred degrees inside.  My mother never opens the windows in the summer time.  She prefers to close everything out, even changes of seasons.  I glance at the doors and windows, checking escape routes.

            “I don’t know why you bothered me about cooking.  You don’t eat my food, and you never come for dinner,” my mother mumbles.

            “That’s because your meals are like feeding frenzies.  You’re never satisfied no matter how much I eat.”

            “Everyone loves my cooking but you.  You can never give compliments.”

            When her back is turned, I jab a potato-covered middle finger in the air.  I taste bile at the back of my throat remembering how, as a kid, she forced me to eat every morsel of food put in front of me.  At least those memories keep me thin now.

            Rolling out a new ball of dough, I flip it over the rolling pin, trying to lay the opposite side on the board in one smooth gesture, just like she does.  It slips off, and falls to the floor.  She gives me a wilting look.  Slowly, I pick it up.  My arms ache.

            She’s staring at me.  “You’re just like your father.  You even look like him.”

            “Please, please don’t start that again.  Let’s just have a nice time.  Then we’ll eat the knishes.”

            She’s jumped into bad territory.  My mother dates her unrelenting unhappiness from the time my father left us twenty-five years ago.  That’s when my memories turn ugly, from a mother who asked me how my dad had gone too one who seemed not to recognize me whenever her eyes happened to look my way.

            I fan my face with a towel, recalling my dad’s explanation of why he left my mother for another woman.

            “Your mother, she only gives me food, nothing else.  Nothing for the soul, nothing for the body,” he had grumbled.

            “Sure.  What do you care about me anyway?  Your father left me and so did you.”

            “I have a life, too.”

            “Some life.  Hundreds of dates and no husband.”

            “I think I’d better go,” I say.

            After my father left, my mother talked of suicide.  Day after day I’d rush home from school, watching her closely.  When she went to bed, I’d sit up for hours listening for signs of life.  Only when I heard her toss in bed or heard those heavy, scary footsteps was I able to sleep.  Although she never attempted suicide, she managed to do some pretty destructive things.  I sense her heading in that direction now.

            Untying my apron, I notice flour is streaked all over my hands and shoes.  Stepping behind me, she grabs the apron strings and reties them.  The battle of the apron is on.  The old familiar knot of anger pulls tight.

            “The potatoes need more salt.” 

            “I hesitate, then I pick up the salt shaker.  ” Will you be good if I stay?  I speak softly.

            “Okay,” she says.  “I will.”  She looks remorseful for a moment.  I know she can’t help herself, but I pray for a miracle…

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EXERCISE 4

            Briefly identify each of the following for the example below and then for your own autobiography:

1. your story’s final pivotal event–(climax).

            A turning point that could be the end of my story where something in me died so something could live or be born?

2.  the initial scene

            With what scene was I aware of the problem that would result in the final climax? 

3.         Your problem/desire

            What incited my problem, whether I was aware of it or not?  What did I want  in response to this?

 4.         Adversaries or obstacles

             Was there a person, people or factors that stood in the way of the achieving  my desire?

5.         Interim scenes  (use events/desires from Exercise 1C) 

List at least five other scenes or events that mirrored and intensified my problem in different ways?

                        a.

                        b.

                        c.

                        d.

                        e.

6.         Realization

            What did you realize at the moment of transformation that made the

transformation possible?  Did something in your behavior change as a result of the realization?  

Here is an example. The conflict is over having a second child (it might be stated in mor general terms as: How do I keep the space I need to grow as an individual, yet stay close enough to my husband to keep love alive in our marriage?

1.    Richard told me when we were dating that he wanted a big family. I wanted him and that sounded romantic to me.

2.    We were both overjoyed when I delivered John.

3.    Richard was supportive when I went back to work because we needed the money.   

4.    I got a promotion.  Now I was making more than Richard.  It made me feel in control of my own life for the first time.  Richard was silent about it, except he made jokes about my being head of the family.

5.    John started begging to have a little brother or sister.  I knew Richard had been  encouraging him.  Richard reminded me that our plan was t have a big family.  I said it wasn’t the right time.

6.    I saw there was a chance to become director of the arts center and I knew I wanted this and I would be devastated if I didn’t get it.

7.    Richard joined a Christian church and started taking John on Sundays. I used the  time to catch up on work.  I felt their disapproval.

8.    Richard got a promotion at his job.  It made him more confident and fun at home.

9.    We took a long-planned trip to Europe without John. Unexpectedly it was like a second honeymoon.

10. The director of the arts center announced his resignation.

11. I discovered I was pregnant. I wept.

12. I knew if I told Richard I was pregnant he would never forgive me for not having the child.

13. I became irritable and started to have morning sickness, which I tried to hide.

14. Richard was more kind than ever, which made me feel guilt. I almost told him I was pregnant, but I lost my courage.

15. My friend took me to get an abortion.

16. If Richard ever suspected, he didn’t say anything.  But something had died between us. Trust.

17. I got the directorship.  I knew I had made the right choice. I loved my position and the power that came with it.  This was all my life, what I was meant to do.

18.  Richard and I began to live very busy and independent lives, and he never again  mentioned having another child.

19. Now so many years later when John himself has three children and Richard and I are comfortably retired, but not really close. I still believe I made the right choice for me, but I often wish I’d had the courage to tell Richard and we’d fought it out, instead of  each of us taking a solitary, silent road.

Once you have put these elements in order, turn to your own story and try to do the same.

death-defying-1

 EXERCISE 3

Answer these questions for the other major character in your scene (from Exercise 2).  If you don’t know what the actual answer is, use your intuition and role playing ability and from what you do know project answers.

 

A.    Who is the love in this person’s life?  Think about the emotions this person has in a relationship with whom he or she is involved.  Limit your answer to a single choice. 

 

B.    What is this person fighting for?  What or who interferes with this subject accomplishing his or her goals.  Most of us don’t live for realities, but for dreams of what might be. 

 

C.    What of special significance has happened to this person the year before, or if it’s more appropriate, what will happen to your subject within the next year? 

 

D.    Describe the humor in this person’s life.  Often we alleviate the serious burdens of life by doing things that strike others as humorous (Hamlet has some hilarious lines).  Identify the sense of humor of your subject or something  he or she does that strikes others as humorous. 

 

E. What opposites exist in this person?  What fascinates us about other human beings are their inconsistencies (if there is love, there is bound to be hate too; if  there is a great need for someone or something, there is a resentment of that  need as well).  

 

F.    What kind of discovery is this person likely to make about himself or herself?  Is there some kind of a revelation your subject will have?  What is it? 

 

G.   How does this person interact with others?  Particularly with regard to someone the subject should care about.  

 

H.   What is the source of this person’s importance? Reputation, money, power, title? Answer that for your subject.    

 

I.    With what place does the person have a close association?  It can be a geographic location, an office downtown or a summer cottage, or it can be a particular room in the house–a workshop in the basement, the kitchen, a couch in front of the TV…even a car.

 

J. What is intriguing about this person?  (When I think about my father I’m fascinated by how similar we are and how different we are.) 

 

 

SOME COMMON METHODS FOR ORGANIZATION 

by decade, 10 year increments or other intervals of time), or season–Time magazine, A Year in Province

around a key event as touchstone—(it’s like a slice of a sub sandwich)–On the Road,

embroidered thread or relationship –Fear of Flying, Bird by Bird                     

“bookends”—start in the present, go back, return to the present just before the end–Titanic.

a quilt-like pattern (such as interweaving past and present parallel situations)–Joy Luck Club

 

NINE ESSENTIAL STORY ELEMENTS (Tristine Rainer, Your Life as Story)

 

            Beginning                     Initiating Incident          

                                                      Problem

                                                      Desire Line

            Middle                          Struggle with Adversary

                                                     Interim Pivotal Events

                                                     Precipitating Event

            Conclusion                  Crisis

                                                     Climax

                                                     Realization

 

Every autobiography is the telling of:

            1.         The story the world told me.

            2.         The story I told myself.

            3.         (The story about myself I’ve discovered through writing about it)

Fall

USING OPPOSITES 

             Before we do the fleshing out of these scenes, there’s something worth remembering.  Inexperienced writers are afraid they’re going to loose their audiences if they don’t hook them with the title and a gimmicky first line.  Give your audience credit for more intelligence than this.  Remember they’re not coming to this work critically, but with the hope that this is the story that will…go deeper in, take them further out… make them more of what they are.  It’s why we go to plays expectantly, despite the fact that most performances are disappointing. Why we read the next novel, though left unsatisfied by so many before.  We aren’t disappointed by tricks, but because a writer has squandered the opportunity to do so much more.

            As you write, picture a person lovingly reading over your shoulder who wants more.  Who says, “I want to feel it just as you did, don’t rush through the details.  What was the temperature?  How did the light shine in through the window?  When she made that remark, did her expression change ever so subtly?  What is the reason these characters are here? What are their relationships?”  The scene, the characters are a means to express your and my fullest feelings, deeply and importantly.  Explore the richness of each possibility.”

            Michael Shurtleff (Audition) notes that in everyday living we try to avoid or resolve conflict, but conflict is what creates drama.  Under the control of the written page we explore ramifications beyond everyday life.  It’s not enough to capture reality on the page.   We want heightened reality.  The writer needs to find out what the characters in every scene are fighting for, to fully play out the opposites that exist within each character.  You have many creative choices in the selection of what you include and what you exclude.  Make choices that intensify real life drama.  Find romance; it’s everybody’s secret dream.  Whenever you have two conflicting personality traits that cancel each other out, do both.  Michael Shurtleff says, ” One of the great results of using opposites is behavior that is unpredictable, therefore always more intriguing to an audience.  It’s why people are forever astonishing us in life: We don’t know what they’re going to do next, they’re not consistent, we’re always being surprised by their doing something we didn’t expect.  Interesting acting always has this risk element of the unpredictable in it.  That’s why actors like the early Marlon Brando and De Niro and Pachino interest us so; we never quite know what they’re going to do next.  They make us want to know.  They make us keep watching them.  They surprise us with their unpredictability.”

            As a writer you need to supply these opposites, even if you don’t see them in your subject in real life.  What’s there is obvious.  It’s what is underneath the obvious that makes for interesting writing.                                     

FROM GOOD MOTHERS, BAD DAUGHTERS

by Charlotte Nokola (Rosebud #11) 

            My mother had an old friend.  This in itself surprised me, since my mother seemed to me to have little history aside from taking me to parks and frying up bacon.  Her friend’s name was Hope West, which I knew from seeing it on the binding of one of the books in our house.  She was an anthropologist, and she and my mother had been in college together at Washington University.  In August of 1959, when I was seven, my family took a short trip to Chicago, to visit the Field Museum, to have lunch in the Marshall Field’s tearoom and to visit Hope West.  In the museum I was thrilled by displays of Kodiak bears, hunks of alabaster and chrysolite and dinosaur bones.  My other main concern on this trip was eating fried chicken as often as possible.

            It seemed a little dreary to visit one of my mother’s fiends in the middle of all of this, and the August heat was thick.  All of the old college friends I had met so far seemed to fall into one not very interesting category.  They had given up their jobs, married and had children.  They had “luncheon,” not lunch, with card parties once or twice a year, on card tables in their living rooms, were all very pleasant, and all seemed to be named Mary Helen or Helen Louise.  But this old friend had no children, I was told, was not married and worked as a writer.  Never had I met a woman like this.

            Further, she lived by herself in an apartment.  In my limited experience as a girl growing up outside St. Louis in a suburban house with a scrubby field behind it, an apartment in the city seemed to be a shrine to one’s own mind.  Especially this woman’s apartment, since she was the author of books.  As far as I knew, she and my mother hadn’t seen each other since college, and now it was more than twenty-five years later.

            So I knew, when we walked into her apartment at the end of a humid August afternoon, that some kind of moment had arrived for my mother.  Our family–my sister, my brother, my mother and father and myself–were much too large for Hope West’s apartment.  We were a bulky group that disturbed the streamlined serenity of this “modern” 1950s brick skyscraper.  My parents tried to make us look spotless and presentable, dabbing at our collars or the corners of our mouths, catching stray strands of hair.  But here was a seven-year-old with legs long like a young horse’s, with scabby knees from falling in blackberry patches.  A fourteen-year-old boy in wilted khaki pants, whose voice was changing and who was obsessed with meteorology.  And a sixteen-year-old girl with three or four crinoline petticoats and upswept blond hair so that she could look like Kim Novak in Picnic.

            My father stood slightly aside in shirt sleeves because of the heat and smoked a Pall Mall.  His social bearing was a bit confused because this woman was a scholar and a writer.  He didn’t seem to know whether to adopt the polite, deferential mode reserved for elderly maiden aunts or the bossy, commandeering mode used with business friends.  And there was my mother, a mother with white gloves, responsible for all of these children who were now either bumping into coffee tables, in danger of breaking the African artifacts or rudely staring out the window at Lake Michigan.  But I remember thinking, despite our gangliness that Hope West was certainly the one to be pitied.  She was “a woman without children”–a fate always presented in our family as a lifetime tragedy, a sadness to be avoided at any cost.

            Yet, Hope West did not look sad.  She did not look like any of the other women I had ever met, the mothers with comfortable tummies, generous upper arms, curly hair with a little breeze in it, wearing a print dress that puffed out at the waist.  Mothers who actually spent time crisscrossing the prongs of a fork on top of cookies for decoration.  Hope West was tall and wore a tubular green suit.  Her whole face gathered toward her hair, which was pulled up in a French twist, and seemed to collect what she was seeing and thinking.

            There were no cookies waiting for us on the coffee table.  One side of the living room held a wall of books, more than I had ever seen in anyone’s house.  Most important, most amazing to me, was that all of these books were hers.  On another side of the room was a huge picture window that overlooked Lake Michigan and the tops of buildings.  Not flowers and a swing set.  No one but Hope West enjoyed this view of Lake Michigan’s endless blue tabletop–hard to imagine, when the five of us crowded around the kitchen window at our house to look at rabbits or possums traveling through the backyard.  Her own view, and her own books–and some of them were undoubtedly hers, of her own writing.  How would it feel, I wondered, to have your own book on your own bookshelf: Her bookshelves, her room, her Lake Michigan.  I had never met a woman who didn’t share everything with everyone.  Who didn’t have to give up the best pork chop for the father or the children, who had more than a few private things in a bureau drawer that her children always raided.  Hope West seemed strange and monumental, standing straight and gray-eyed in her French twist, in front of her books and a long vista outside.

            Suddenly, the seemingly inevitable and unfortunate outlines of women’s destinies fell into relief for me.  You could be Hope West, alone, with your books, with no children.  Or you could be my mother with children, and no books of your own.  I felt that each of the old friends looked at the other and saw what she did not have.  It seemed that I had to choose sides, then and there.  Of course I thought, maybe in loyalty, that I would be like my mother, the one with children.  But I had always wanted to write a book, to hold a book of my own in my hand.  Did I have to choose?

            We took Hope West out to dinner with us.  I ate fried chicken again, and wondered what Hope West did for dinner, alone, on all those other nights, when we weren’t there to take her out.  My mother never did become Hope West, the writer of books, the mother of no children.  But she did bring her impressionable children across four hundred flat miles of Missouri and Illinois to visit her on an impossibly hot summer day in 1959.

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THE NEW AUTOBIOGRAPHY 

The New Autobiography is a vibrantly democratic and deeply personal type of narrative writing that, while little understood, is becoming popular in our culture.  it is new because it is being written by new voices, not only those who represent the official and dominant view from the top.  It is new because it is written as self-discovery rather than self-promotion.  It is new because it beholds the individual’s life, not through Puritan mandates of moral edification, nor nineteenth-century credos of materialistic success, nor twentieth-century formulas of reductionist psychology, but through the cohesion of literature and myth. It is a way of saying, “I matter; this life I have lived has meaning!  And because I tell it from my perspective, because I frame it, it has the meaning I give it.”

            Like the New Journalism developed by Tom Wolfe and other magazine writers of the late 1960s, New Autobiography appropriates storytelling devices from the realistic novel.  It is often written in dramatic scenes with dialogue and interior monologues.  It uses novelistic devices to reach inner truths, not just the truth of facts.

            To shape an autobiographic story, in the process you recall your yearnings and dreams and their place in your destiny.  You are led away from perceiving your history as a series of accidents or calamities that wrongly formed you.  “We are less damaged by the traumas of childhood, James Hillman (The Soul’s Code) writes, “than by the traumatic way we remember childhood.” and  “We dull our lives by the way we conceive them.  We have stopped imagining them with any sort of romance, any fictional flair.”  Through the autobiographic process you restore the “romance” and the “fictional flair” of story to your own life, and you replace old stories of powerlessness with stories of consciousness and revelation in which you are the protagonist.  By applying story structure to your life you necessarily replace unconscious, unexamined scripts with consciously chosen stories…  Stories lead to a climax that is a point of transformation. 

            When I view myself as the heroine of my own story, I no longer complain about the conflicts in my life and in myself.  I am no longer a victim of circumstances…  I am a protagonist in a world of unending dilemmas that contain hidden meaning that is up to me to discover.  I am the artist of my life who takes the raw materials given, no matter how bizarre, painful or disappointing and gives them shape and meaning.  I am within each scene and each chapter of my life, defining my character through the choices I make.  I am on my own side, rooting for myself, aching for myself, celebrating my sensual experiences, marveling in the exquisite subtlety of feeling in my life that novelists have made me aware of in their books. I am as engaged with the ongoing story in my life as is a reader who eagerly turns the page.

      In its simplest form a story is: what you wanted, how you struggled and what you realized out of that struggle.  A story is a series of interrelated events that you made happen and that happened to you, and the consequence.  The consequence is a change in you.  In an autobiographic story, change may occur in other characters, but it must also occur in you, because you are the protagonist.  The change may come form an event (you married, you got old), but it is also a moral change.  You had a realization, a shift in values or perception.  In other words, within the story you made a “character arc,” you had a change in character…  You trace this character arc in an autobiographic story by including your feelings, reactions to the events you experienced and your realizations.  You give the events of your life significance because of what they meant to you and how you changed from your engagement with them.  An autobiographic story is not just an account of events; it is the charting of your emotional, moral and psychological course, which gives meaning to those events.

                                          –Tristine Rainer, Your Life as Story

 

EXERCISE 2:

             Sit in a comfortable chair with your pen and paper at hand, at a time and in a spot where you won’t be interrupted.  if it’s your office, turn off the phone.  Begin by relaxing your body and mind.  Systematically tighten and relax all your muscles, then take a deep breath, hold it–then release it completely, releasing all tension.  Close your eyes and take another deep breath.  Release the tension.  And again.  Allow your breathing to become deep and regular.  When you feel relaxed, allow that  special place to come to mind, where as a child you were most yourself.  Is it a wide open expanse or is it confined in some way?  Sense the size and strength of your body at the age you were when you enjoyed this place.  Are you moving, sitting, standing?  Are you alone or with another?

            Now begin to accumulate more information by asking yourself questions.  Each time you think “I can’t remember,” relax and invent an answer. Don’t worry if you are fantasizing rather than really remembering, as long as the answer feels plausible.

            Ask yourself and imagine: What do I see?  What do I feel on my skin?  What do I hear?  What do I smell?  What do I taste?  What is the light like here?  What do I want?  What do I think/ What feelings do I have?  In a minute you will write in the present tense what comes to you.  Allow your imagination to take over where memory stops as you write.  So far the scene you are describing is probably like a slide, full of detail but without movement.  Now add movement.  Turn it into a film.  See and feel yourself move a part of your body.  If you can, actually move as you would have then.  Ask yourself: And then what happens?  What do you do?  What do you think or say?  What changes?  Write whatever comes without censoring it.

 

(Option): On a large piece of paper draw the floor plan of the house or apartment you lived in when you were 7 years old, including the hallways, bathrooms, bedrooms, back and front yards.  After you have completed it with as much detail as you can, put it aside and find a quiet place to write a reverie about it.  Imagine yourself approaching this house the way you had to get there, from a sidewalk, driveway, up three steps to the door–however you entered.  Once inside, walk through and enter a room or place of your choice.

            Now imagine the details, furnish the room–where is the bed or table, is there a fireplace or cupboards, are there rugs or carpets on the floor?  Is it day or night?  Are there lamps or overhead lights?

            Place yourself inside this room and allow your writing to go where it will, exploring your feelings and thoughts at the age you were when you lived there, concentrating on your interaction with other people in the house.

image006THE STORY ONLY YOU CAN TELL                                            John Lehman

 

WHY WE WRITE AUTOBIOGRAPHY

You want to see how your life makes a story by setting it down.

You want the catharsis and self-forgiveness of an honest and complete confession.

You are in mid-life and want to gain from the life behind you the wisdom to mold the life still before you.

You are nearing the end of your life and wish to understand and share what it has meant.

You are a journalist, short story writer, screenwriter or novelist who wants to find your personal voice.

You want to find some eternal form of truth in your own contemporary life.

You are motivated by family love to leave your descendants knowledge of who you were and the life you lived.

You are motivated by desire to relieve the loneliness, fear or ignorance of others who may find themselves in a situation you’ve been through.

You have a whopper of a story to tell and you want to make a bundle by selling it.

You wish to write about your family as a way of ending destructive cycles and creating cohesion  based on truth.

You are a notable person who has been invited by a publisher to write your life story and don’t wish to rely on a ghostwriter.

You are a not-at-all famous person to whom life has given experiences too valuable to fade into oblivion.

You want to know what is true, true for you.

You never enjoyed writing in school, but you want to experience the pleasure of writing like the contemporary authors you enjoy reading.

You want to relive and relish the best years of your life.

You know that the only thing that death cannot destroy is memory, and you wish to preserve from forgetfulness those you have loved.

You can endure your life only by transforming it into a work of art.

Your way to cope with your troubles is to make yourself and others laugh at them.

You wish to celebrate the mystery and complexity of your life.

Your nature is to tell your story.

 

 

EACH OF US IS A STORY

If we want to know about a person, we ask, `What is her story?’ `What is his story?’ For each of us is a story. Each of us is a biography, a singular narrative that is constructed and reconstructed continually through our senses, our actions and our words.

Biologically, psychologically we’re not much different from one another. To be individuals each of us must posses our own story—recollect (re-collect) our lives and act out their drama.

                         –Oliver Sacks, The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat

 

THE PROCESS

 

PRE-WRITING. Making choices in form and content.

           

WRITING. Specific techniques for making what you write more interesting to readers—dialogue, introducing characters, descriptive detail—using scenes

 

EDITING. Clarifying, transitions, assuming ownership The first draft is always for you, future drafts direct the material at a specific audience

 

EXERCISE

Part A: Stepping-stones are a list of the marker events that surface when you look over your life.  You simply put down a phrase or sentence for each significant pivotal event in your life as it comes to you.  Begin with “I was born” to get started, and then think of the next important turning point in your life, and the next, and the next, up to the present.  Your list can be any length, but try to keep it between fifteen and twenty items.  After you have finished writing your life stepping-stones, reread your list to get a sense of the continuity and movement of your life.

 

Part B:  This second exercise is as easy as the first one.  It is simply another list, this time of your desires as you moved through life.  Each item on this list will begin with “I wanted…”

Think back to your infancy.  What did you want? Your mother’s love and attention?  To explore a world without any limitations?  Then list the next major desire that motivated you on further.

 

Part C: The third part of this exercise is (on a new sheet of paper) to combine both lists by sensing which desires preceded which pivotal events.  Some desires may be followed by only one stepping stone event–for example, “I wanted to get married” by “I got married.”  Other desires may be followed by numerous events–for example, “I wanted to become an actor” might be followed by “I moved to New York,” “I enrolled in the Actor’s studio,” “I got fired from a play.” Now read your blended desires list and your list of stepping-stones as one merged list that tells a story.  What do you notice about the relationship between your desires and your actions?  As you sense a shape or direction in this combined list, play with it.  Are there missing desires or events that will create greater continuity?  Add them.  Are there clusters that seem to go together, making distinct seasons in your life, periods that were devoted to the same desire?  Delineate them.

monkey & bugs

THE JOHN DILLINGER CAPITAL OF AMERICA

 

Richard Brautigan was like the John Dillinger of poetry, robbing from the rich, giving to the poor:

      Mooresville, Indiana, is the town that John Dillinger came from, and the town has a John Dillinger Museum. You can go in and look around.  

     Some towns are known as the peach capital of America or the cherry capital or the oyster capital, and there’s always a festival and the photograph of a pretty girl in a bathing suit.

     Mooresville, Indiana, is the John Dillinger capital of America.

     Recently a man moved there with his wife, and he discovered hundreds of rats in his basement. They were huge, slow moving child-eyed rats.

     When his wife had to visit some of her relatives for a few days, the man went out and bought a .38 revolver and a lot of ammunition. Then he went down to the basement where the rats were, and he started shooting them. It didn’t bother the rats at all. They acted as if it were a movie and started eating their dead companions for popcorn.

     The man walked over to a rat that was busy eating a friend and placed the pistol against the rat’s head. The rat didn’t move and continued eating away. When the hammer clicked back, the rat paused between bites and looked out of the corner of its eye. First at the pistol and then at the man. It was a kind of friendly look as if to say, “When my mother was young she sang like Deanna Durbin.”

     The man pulled the trigger.

     He had no sense of humor.

     There’s always a single feature, a double feature and an eternal feature playing at the Great Theater in Mooresville, Indiana: the John Dillinger capital of America.

 

A friend of the poet, Keith Abbot, says, “Over the nineteen years I knew Brautigan, I never heard him refer to any people of the Northwest by name—not his sister, mother, father or stepfathers, not his girlfriends or teachers… The effect was ghostly, as if Brautigan’s past had faded into a kind of surrealist museum whose holdings were indicated only by chalk outlines. He once recalled his abandonment in a Montana hotel by his mother when he was nine or ten and he mentioned to me that he had met his biological father twice, once in a barbershop and once in a hotel room. Each time his father gave him some money to go see a movie.”

 

     Perhaps you felt bad when she said that thing to you. She could have told it to someone else: Somebody who was more familiar with her problems.

     That is my name.

     Or it was a game that you played when you were a child or something that came idly into your mind when you were old and sitting at a chair near the window.

     That is my name.

ATT00067

THE SIXTIES AGAIN

As I saythe kids at the high school where I found myself teaching didn’t go on to college. Oh maybe one or two went to some kind of car-mechanic training or beautician school. So threat of poor grades or homework assignments or anything didn’t really carry weight. These students were there because their friends were and if they were going to learn anything it had better have some relevance to their life that day. Nathaniel Hawthorne, Thomas Jefferson, F. Scott Fitzgerald…forget it. That’s when I zeroxed this poem by Richard Brautigan:

If I were to live my life

in catfish forms

in scaffolds of skin and whiskers

at the bottom of a pond

and you were to come by

     one evening

when the moon was shining

down into my dark home

and stand there at the edge

     of my affection

and think, “It’s beautiful

here by this pond. I wish

     somebody loved me,”

I’d love you and be your catfish

friend and drive such lonely

thoughts from your mind

and suddenly you would be

     at peace,

and ask yourself, “I wonder

if there are any catfish

in this pond? It seems like

a perfect place for them.”

 

And then…

 

     I was trying to describe you to someone a few days ago. You don’t look like any girl I’ve ever seen before.

     I couldn’t say: Well, she looks just like Jane Fonda except that she’s got red hair and her mouth is different and of course she’s not a movie star.”

     I finally ended up describing you as a movie I saw when I was a child in Tacoma, Washington. I guess I saw it in 1941 or ’42: somewhere in there. I think I was seven or eight or six. It was a movie about rural electrification and a perfect 1930s New Deal morality kind of movie to show kids.

     The movie was about farmers living in the country without electricity. They had to use lanterns to see by at night, for sewing and reading, and they didn’t have any appliances, like toasters or washing machines, and they couldn’t listen to the radio.

     Then they built a dam with big electric generators and they put poles across the countryside and strung wire over fields and pastures.

     There was an incredible heroic dimension that came from the simple putting up of poles for the wires to travel along. They looked ancient and modern at the same time.

     Then the movie showed Electricity like a young Greek god coming to the farmer to take away forever the dark ways of his life.

     Suddenly, religiously, with the throwing of a switch the farmer had electric lights to see by when he milked his cows in the early black winter mornings.

     The farmer’s family got to listen to the radio and have a toaster and lots of bright lights to sew dresses and read the newspaper by.

     It was really a fantastic movie and excited me like listening to “The Star-Spangled Banner” or seeing photographs of President Roosevelt or hearing him on the radio.

     “…The President of the United States…”

     I wanted electricity to go everywhere in the world. I wanted all the farmers in the world to be able to listen to President Roosevelt on the radio.

     That’s how you look to me.

 

And finally I gave my high school kids this. They didn’t know it, but it was how they would be graded…

Oh, Marcia

I want your long blonde beauty

to be taught in high school,

so kids will learn that God

lives like music in the skin

and sounds like a sunshine harpsichord.

I want high school report cards

     to look like this:

 

Playing with Gentle Glass Things

     A

Computer Magic

     A

Writing Letters to Those You love

     A

Finding out about Fish

     A

Marcia’s Long Blonde Beauty

     A+

 

What Brautigan brought to those kids was a sense of, not how great and important he was, but how great and important each of them was. One convinced the principal to let him make the morning announcements, a bunch of others started an underground newspaper. “Creative Writing Class” became “Movie Making” and unemployed kids who had graduated the year before  joined the cast. And I, who had missed The Sixties was getting a chance to see them first hand all over again.

Trout Fishing in America

Trout Fishing in America

“I WAKE UP JUST BEFORE THEY COME.”

 

(John reading from a book)

 

Richard Brautigan was born January 30th, 1935, in the Pacific Northwest. He was the author of eleven novels, ten volumes of poetry and two collections of short stories. He lived for many years in San Francisco and become a literary idol of the 1960s whose iconoclastic vision of American life caught the imagination of young people everywhere. Maybe you were around then? Maybe you even remember reading this:

     We’re staying with Pard and his girlfriend in this strange cabin above Mill Valley. They have rented a cabin for three months, June 15th to September 15th, for a hundred dollars. We are a funny bunch, all living here together.

 

     Pard was born of Okie parents in British Nigeria and came to America when he was two years old and was raised as a ranch kid in Oregon, Washington and Idaho.

 

     He was a machine-gunner in the Second World War, against the Germans. He fought in France and Germany. Sergeant Pard. Then he came back from the war and went to some hick college in Idaho.

 

     After he graduated from college, he went to Paris and became an Existentialist. He had a photograph taken of Existentialism and himself sitting at a sidewalk café. Pard was wearing a beard and he looked as if he had a huge soul, with barely enough room in his body to contain it.

 

     Pard’s girlfriend is Jewish. Twenty-four years old, getting over a bad case of hepatitis, she kids Part about a nude photograph of her that has the possibility of appearing in Playboy Magazine. “There’s nothing to worry about,” she says. “If they use that photograph, it only means that 12,000,000 men will look at my boobs.” This is all very funny to her.

 

     What we eat is funny and what we drink is even more hilarious: turkeys, Gallo port, hot dogs, watermelons, Popeyes, salmon croquettes, frappes, Christian Brothers port, orange rye bread, cantaloupes, Popeyes, salads, cheese—booze, grup and Popeyes.

 

     We read books like The Thief’s Journal, Set This House on Fire and The Naked Lunch.

 

     Pard and his girlfriend sleep in the cabin and we sleep outside, under the apple tree, waking at dawn to stare out across San Francisco Bay and then we go back to sleep again and wake once more, this time for a very strange thing to happen, and then we go back to sleep after it has happened, and wake at sunrise to stare out across the bay.

 

     Afterwards we go back to sleep again and the sun rises steadily hour after hour, staying in the branches of a eucalyptus tree just a ways down the hill, keeping us cool and asleep and in the shade. At last the sun pours over the top of the tree and then we have to get up, the hot sun upon us.

 

     We go into the house and begin that two-hour yak-yak activity we call breakfast. We sit around and bring ourselves slowly back to consciousness, treating ourselves like fine pieces of china, and after we finish the last cup of the last cup of the last cup of coffee, it’s time to think about lunch or go to the Goodwill in Fairfax.

 

     One morning last week, part way through the dawn, I awoke under the apple tree, to hear a dog barking and the rapid sound of hoofs coming toward me. The millennium? An invasion of Russians all wearing deer feet?

 

     I opened my eyes and saw a deer running straight at me. It was a buck with large horns. There was a police dog chasing after it.

 

     Arfwowfuck! Noisepoundpoundpoundpoundpoundpound! POUND! POUND!

     The deer didn’t swerve away. He just kept running straight at me, long after he had seen me, a second or two had passed.

 

     Arfwowfuck! Noisepoundpoundpoundpoundpoundpound! POUND! POUND!

     I could have reached out and touched him when he went by.

 

     He ran around the house, circling the john, with the dog hot after him. They vanished over the hillside, leaving streamers of toilet paper behind them, flowing out and entangled through the bushes and vines.

 

     Then along came the doe. She started up the same way, but not moving as fast. Maybe she had strawberries in her head.

 

     “Whoa!” I shouted. “Enough is enough! I’m not selling newspapers!”

 

     The doe stopped in her tracks, twenty-five feet away and turned and went down around the eucalyptus tree.

 

     Well, that’s how it’s gone now for days and days. I wake up just before they come. I wake up for them in the same manner as I do for the dawn and the sunrise. Suddenly knowing they’re on their way.

 

HOW I DISCOVERED RICHARD BRAUTINGAN

 

I couldn’t hang out in the Army forever. For one thing, my wife back then couldn’t stand it. For another, I was curious about what was going on at home. We had some whitewashed accounts, but it was time to experience this for myself. The only practical way I could do that without money was to attend grad school on the GI Bill. What would I take? Anything I wanted, because I was going into high school education.

 

The school that hired me, Whitehall Michigan, was interesting. They had fired all their hippy teachers from the year before, and I couldn’t have been more surprised when, after my interview, they hired this guy with a foot long beard and shoulder length hair (My wife, infant son and I had been camping around Europe for a year after I was released from the service.) But here was the catch.

 

The kids at that school didn’t go on to college. Oh maybe one or two went to some kind of car-mechanic training or beautician school. So threat of poor grades or homework assignments or anything didn’t really carry weight. These students were there because their friends were and if they were going to learn anything it had better have some relevance to their life that day. Nathaniel Hawthorne, Thomas Jefferson, F. Scott Fitzgerald…forget it.

 

That’s when I xeroxed this poem by Richard Brautigan:

 

If I were to live my life

in catfish forms

in scaffolds of skin and whiskers

at the bottom of a pond

and you were to come by

     one evening

when the moon was shining

down into my dark home

and stand there at the edge

     of my affection

and think, “It’s beautiful

here by this pond. I wish

     somebody loved me,”

I’d love you and be your catfish

friend and drive such lonely

thoughts from your mind

and suddenly you would be

     at peace,

and ask yourself, “I wonder

if there are any catfish

in this pond? It seems like

a perfect place for them.”

Richard Brautigan

Richard Brautigan

PART I

(standing, speaking directly to the audience)

Hi, I’m John Lehman, not Richard Brautigan. He’s dead, but I am a big fan of his work and tonight I want to share some of it with you and perhaps figure out why, years later, it still seems special.

 

HOW AND WHY I MISSED THE SIXTIES

First of all, let me tell you that I missed most of what people today think of as “The Sixties.” Oh I remember how as a senior at Notre Dame in 1963 we all felt somewhat discontent. Some said it was the fluoride in the water, or the fact that we had had the worst football record for our four years in the history of the school. But now, looking back, I wonder. Our parents had worked hard to buy nice homes, nice cars, nice TV sets. They’d put us through college and now we were about to go out into the world and become managers of savings and loans, get married, have kid… be unhappy like our parents and their parents before. Or were we?

Here’s what I do remember. About a week before graduation several hundreds of us gathered on the quad. The university president, the Reverend Theodore Hesburg, had for years been pushing “academic excellence.” Perhaps he meant it, or perhaps it was a ploy to get our minds off the losing Irish. In any case we all came together chanting, “To hell with excellence!”

Now the oldest building on campus was the Administration Building at the head of the quadrangle. Tradition had it that undergraduates were not allowed to walk up the old, stone stairs leading to the second floor main entrance. That privilege was reserved for graduate students and complete strangers. On this warm, May evening, we hesitated then rushed up those stairs, turned around and rushed up them again. Causes were to become more serious and the demonstrations more violent, but “The Sixties” had begun.

Why I missed the rest, is because I joined the Army. Most of the rest of the next seven years I spent twiddling my thumbs overseas.

 

RICHARD BRAUTIGAN SPEAKS

Here’s what he says:

I am an unknown poet. That doesn’t mean I don’t have any friends. It means mostly my friends know I’m a poet, because I have told them so.

Let’s pretend that my mind is a taxi and suddenly (“What the hell’s coming off!”) your are riding in it.

 (pause)

 

I remember

a very beautiful,

quite proper

young woman

letting

a fart

that sounded

like

a gunshot.

 

(pause)

 

     I guess you’re kind of curious as to who I am, but I’m one of those who don’t have a regular name. My name depends on you. Just call me whatever is in your mind.

     If you’re thinking about something that happened a long time ago: Somebody asked you a question and you didn’t know the answer.

     That is my name.

     Perhaps it was raining very hard.

     That is my name.

     Or somebody wanted you to do something. You did it. Then they told you what you did was wrong—“Sorry for the mistake,”—and you had to do something else.

     That is my name.

     Or you walked someplace. There were flowers all around.

     That is my name.

 

(John settles down into an easy chair, relaxes into memory.)

This is Brautigan too:

     The cover for my book Trout Fishing in America is a photograph taken late in the afternoon, a photograph of the Benjamin Franklin statue in San Francisco’s Washington Square.

     Born 1706—Died 1790, Benjamin Franklin stands on a pedestal that looks like a house containing stone furniture. He holds some papers in one hand and his hat in the other.

     Then the statue speaks, saying in marble:

PRESENTED BY

H.D. COGSWELL

TO OUR

BOYS AND GIRLS

WHO WILL SOON

TAKE OUR PLACES

AND PASS ON.

 

     Around the base of the stature are four words facing the directions of this world, to the east WELCOME, to the west WELCOME, to the north WELCOME, to the south WELCOME. Just behind the statue are three poplar trees, almost leafless except for the top branches. The statue stands in front of the middle tree. All around the grass is wet from the rains of early February.

     Way in the background is a tall cypress tree, almost dark like a room. Adlai Stevenson spoke under the tree in 1956, before a crowd of 40,000 people.

     There is a tall church across the street from the statue with crosses, steeples, bells and a vast door that looks like a huge mouse hole, perhaps from a Tom and Jerry cartoon, and written above the door is “Per L’Universo.”

     Around five o’clock in the afternoon of my cover for Trout Fishing in America, people gather in this park across the street from the church and they are hungry.

     It’s sandwich time for the poor.

     But they cannot cross the street until the signal is given. Then they all run across the street to the church and get their sandwiches that are wrapped in newspaper. They go back to the park and unwrap the newspaper and see what their sandwiches are all about.

     A friend of mine unwrapped his sandwich one afternoon and looked inside to find just a leaf of spinach. That was all.

     Was it Kafka who learned about America by reading the autobiography of Benjamin Franklin…

     Kafka who said, “I like the Americans because they are healthy and optimistic.”

 

Here’s another of Brautigan’s poems:

 

 

The moon

is Hamlet

on a motorcycle

coming down

a dark road.

he is wearing

a black leather

jacket and

boots.

I have

nowhere

to go.

I will ride

all night.

SHORT STORY MAGIC – PART 8

Cave CD Single Cover

This studio-recorded CD is now available to Cool Plums readers.  Just click on this link to order. The cost is $10 plus $2 postage/handling. $12 total. http://rosebudbookreviews.wordpress.com/2009/08/21/the-writers-cave-cd/

 

Editor Reaction to a Submission  

This is an actual submission that was accepted and printed in Rosebud Magazine. I have added my editor’s reactions to the piece in italics to give you an idea what happens on the “other end” when you send something in.

 

Robert Wake  name is prominent

608-423-47XX  phone for contact if accepted (e-mail is good too), but also include address in case the manuscript is separated from the SASE. 

 

Visiting 

 

This title is OK, a good title will stand out in the Table of Contents, a great title get on the front or back covers of the magazine. We  are in the business of selling magazines. If a title or the name of an   author (or there is something about author that makes him or her  unique) will help do this, the chances of the pieces being accepted  are increased. 

 

                Restless in the bed of his father’s childhood, Michael awoke to the Wisconsin summer.  We know where we are, who the character is and even get a little background. We are into the story very quickly. A neighborhood rumor was circulating: two hot-air balloons would be launched that morning in the park.  Foreshadowing that something out of the ordinary will take place. Michael, even half-asleep, knew the skies were clear.  He had stayed the night with his Grandmother Booth, on Saukfield’s east side, just off Otter Lake on La Salle Avenue.  The house was small, built sturdily of sandstone blocks and cedar shingles, but crooked somehow, as if one edge of the foundation were sinking into the geraniums.  An enormous bur oak towered above the garage and hid the sun.  Enough significant descriptive detail to make the image vivid. Michael imagined his father waking up when he was Michael’s age, listening to the clank of basement pipes below, and following with ten-year-old eyes the arc of a garden sprinkler outside the window.

            “Sleepyhead,” whispered Grandmother Booth from the bedroom doorway.  “You’ll wish you were at the park.”  Dialogue gets this happening here and now for the reader. In dim morning light his grandmother seemed weightless, her robe a billow of smoke.  Her skin was talcum white and smelled of Ivory soap.  Michael tried to recall a dream, but the details were lost and the fearful momentum had dissolved.  His dreams were visited frequently by dogs.  Sometimes playful, sometimes rabid, the dogs changed from dream to dream.  Sometimes the dogs talked.  An Alaskan malamute said to Michael, “Come run with me and we’ll circle the lake.”  In another dream a bullmastiff — black as a storm cloud — sunk its teeth into Michael’s testicles.  He awoke in the middle of the night, a phantom pain searing his groin.  “I once wet my bed,” his mother told him.  “I dreamt I was flying, floating over rooftops and trees, and then suddenly falling like a rock.  Dreams are carnival rides.”  Suggestive, that the evennts have meaning beyond there literal significance. This gets the reader thinking and tells and editor something will be happening on different levels that makes for rich reading.

                “Breakfast in two minutes,” said Grandmother Booth.

            He opened his left eye.  His grandmother appeared to him behind a blur of lash and mucus.

            “Reports of your mother’s banishment are premature,

although — in my opinion — not ill-advised,” she said.

            “Reports?”        

            Michael’s right eye popped open.  He blinked to clear the haze. 

            “A diet of lies will starve the soul,” said his grandmother.  “I would suggest that you carefully weigh all evidence in support of either one of your fickle parents.  Ask yourself, young man: ‘Why indeed am I waking up this morning in this house, and not my father’s house, or — God forbid — my mother’s or my mother’s parents’ house?’  You ought to be thinking about all of these things.”

            She was straightening and dusting everything in sight, gliding around the room as if motorized, and edging ever closer to the window blinds that were still thankfully shuttered.

            “When your father was a boy,” she continued, “his guile was tempered by innocence, like Tom Sawyer.  But once he was out of my hands, and beyond the sphere of my influence, he grew into some kind of wayward sorcerer, some kind of antic druid.  He didn’t really begin losing his marbles, however, until he met up with your mother and quit his job at the drugstore.  It’s been one dead end after another.  His current job is insane.  He has no business working as a bartender for the Knights of Pythagoras.  Such a disgraceful organization!  Does he seriously believe that bowling for charity once a month is a humanitarian agenda?  I ask you: where are the comfort and guidance a good Christian wife provides?  Am I surprised your parents no longer are able to endure the sight of one another?  No, I am not.  More important is where they stand in the sight of God, I’m afraid.  That’s the $64,000 question, little mister.” We get some background exposition here, but in a way that throws light on the teller’s character. When providing background always be advancing plot and/or character at the same time if you want to keep the reader’s attention.

                And then she disappeared from the room.  Her shadow darted across the ceiling.

            Michael wondered if there had been a dream of mad dogs that morning, or the night before.  He sighed heavily, like his grandfather used to sigh, deep within his chest.  The bedsprings swayed with a timeworn wobble.  Hurrying into the bathroom, Michael peed and flushed, and nearly slipped on the rug while brushing his teeth.  Finally dressed, he sauntered (having been told never to run) through the hallway to the kitchen.  His grandmother’s odd green toothpaste was still bitter in his mouth as he sat down for breakfast.  Waiting for him was a scoop of oatmeal as stark and elemental as clay.

            “You know the words,” said Grandmother Booth.

            “Help me with the words,” said Michael.  His father often joked that Grandmother Booth’s mealtime prayers were the only salvation from food poisoning.

            “Dear God,” she began, her eyes closed.  “Bless this food to our bodies.  We ask in the name of Jesus Christ, our Lord –  ”

            Michael was staring at the glass of grapefruit juice on the table.  He hated grapefruit juice, and proceeded to stick out his tongue just as his grandmother finished saying “Amen.”  Slowly he looked up and met her cold, clear gaze.  She was watching him.

            “I wish you would try harder to be good,” she said.  “Sometimes your behavior verges on blasphemy.”

            At breakfast the day before, in Kenosha, his mother said: “Grandmother Booth needs you, kiddo.”  Michael was assigned the chores of sweeping out his grandmother’s garage and bundling old newspapers.

            “Are you listening to me?”

            “I’m listening,” said Michael, dousing the oatmeal with sugar and milk.

            “Your father loved grapefruit juice when he was your age,” said Grandmother Booth.  “Nowadays he debases the juice with vodka.  Grapefruit juice, vodka, and something else.  Soy sauce?  Tabasco?  I don’t remember.  It’s a horrid concoction.”

            She buttered a slice of toast.  “Don’t stare at my hands, Michael.”  Her hands are a revealing detail. Later he is concerned about losing her. The writer has introduced age and health in a very real way, without directly telling the reader she may not have long to live.

                “I wasn’t,” he said.  His grandmother’s fingers were so thin that Michael felt he could reach out and snap them like bread sticks.

            He looked quickly away, toward the kitchen window.  Two bearded irises stood in a vase on the ledge.  Outside, the yard was filled with armies of lilac, iris, and hyacinth.  A breeze rich in garden smells — simultaneously subtle and overripe — swirled about the room.  Grandmother Booth was up from her chair now and placed the vase on a corner of the table.

            “I think they’ll make me sneeze,” said Michael.  The flowers were as large as any he had ever seen.

            “Nonsense,” said Grandmother Booth.

            “I get sneezes from flowers.”

            “Your grandfather liked to say irises are the true beginning of summertime.”

            Michael poked with a spoon at his breakfast.  The oatmeal had hardened into an igloo surrounded by tepid milk.  He was trying at that moment to remember if he had ever actually seen a hot-air balloon lift off from the ground.  Hot-air balloons usually appeared mysteriously in the sky, moving silently across the horizon, origins and destinations unknown.

            “Do you have memories of your grandfather?”

            “He slept alot,” said Michael.

            “Well, he was very sick,” said Grandmother Booth.  “But he talked to you.”

            The irises were inches away and glowing as if radioactive.  Michael could detect the pressure in his sinuses begin to build.  His grandmother showed him the furry lip that sprouted within each flower’s center.  The spot of fuzz looked to Michael nothing like a beard, more like an eyebrow, or maybe the backside of an exotic insect.  A picture came to his mind, an image (in slow motion) of his grandfather moving through the house one September afternoon.  Michael was visiting his grandparents and practicing at their piano.  He had spent hours repeating a simple Chopin waltz.  “I love the music,” his grandfather said.  The day was wet with rain and the air sultry.  Oscillating in a corner of the room an electric fan tick-tocked like a metronome.  His grandfather carried potato chips in his shirt pocket, five or six large potato chips, and that afternoon he handed one to Michael and said, “Here’s a chip off the ol’ Booth.”  Nearly dancing, his slippers tapping the carpet, Grandfather Booth circled the piano as if he were a heavy old moth drunk with porch light.  A masterful little scene within a scene. We feel we are in the hands of a sensitive observer. This trust is necessary if we are to allow him to take us into more riskly, emotional levels.

                Michael’s grandmother added a spray of faucet water to the irises and returned them to the window ledge.  (She thought of death as a seasonal eruption, an attribute of meteorological forces.  Hot and cold were conditions of the heart as well as of the air.  Hadn’t autumn been her husband’s season, just as ancient summers seemed to flow through her own veins?  Heat turned flesh to water, and water was lifeblood to all of the backyard gardens with which she had felt psychic kinship throughout her life.)

            It was on a November morning that Michael’s grandfather died, a morning of ice and rain.  The old man had spent weeks in bed, his lucidity erratic, his breathing fluctuating in union with the wind that rattled the windows.  A large green tank of oxygen — sleek as a torpedo — stood sentry next to the night table.  The day before, Michael and his father had been by to rake the torrent of brown and yellow leaves that layered the yard.  “Your grandfather carries autumn within him,” Grandmother Booth once said.  The transmigration of his grandfather’s soul was sure to have a crisp, pungent presence, like the burning of leaves.

            “Eccentricity is not a sin,” his grandmother was saying now.  She paused, measuring her words.  “People claimed your grandfather was an eccentric man.  He was a musician, his feelings ran deep.  But there are some members of this family whom I would call ‘willful misfits,’ and their selfishness hurts me very much.”

            Michael glanced at his grandmother’s toast, left untouched on her plate.  He thought of the toast that was always left behind at breakfast with his mother.  Because of toast, breakfast was forever an unfinished meal.

            “Am I a misfit?” he asked.

            “That will be your choice to make.  Let your father’s reckless ways be a warning to you.  He’s a hit-and-run driver on the highway of life.  But if you remember nothing else about this family, remember this: Never listen to your Aunt Etta.”

            “She has dreams about Grandpa.”

            “Eat your oatmeal,” said Grandmother Booth, her mouth tightening.

            Michael reached for the sugar bowl.  “Aunt Etta is eccentric,” he said.

            “You’ve taken quite enough sugar.”  Grandmother Booth drew a deep breath.  She set her toast aside and took a sip of grapefruit juice.  “Etta is a misfit,” she said.  “Someday you will appreciate the distinction.”

            A family scandal had erupted during the previous winter.  Michael’s father found a Post-it note stuck to his car’s windshield like a parking ticket.  “Papa suggests adding B vitamins to your diet,” the message read.  The handwriting was Etta’s.  She never talked of dreams, but rather “impressions” that Grandfather Booth, two years dead, had spoken to her.  Other messages followed, including one to Grandmother Booth: “The polar ice caps are melting — protect your bones with calcium supplements.”  Michael’s father was furious with Etta.  “There is a fine line,” he drunkenly yelled at her on the telephone one evening, “between psychic phenomenon and psychic humiliation.  You have crossed that line!”  The piece also walks a fine line between the comic and the poignant. It makes the piece unique, but also increases its chance of failure. That risk taking is exciting to an editor, above and beyond the subject.

                “Is Grandpa in heaven?” asked Michael.  He sliced into the oatmeal with his spoon, carefully trapping a puddle of sugar and milk.

                “Etta believes that your grandfather died and went to work at a health food store,” said Grandmother Booth.

                Michael’s tongue ran a gob of oatmeal around the roof of his mouth.  “Do ghosts take vitamins?” he asked.

            “That’s enough.”

            “I found a book that belongs to my dad — ”

            “What did I just say?”

            “But this book — ”

            “Michael, please.  Swallow your oatmeal.”

            He longed for a glass of orange juice and a bowl of Cocoa Puffs.  His grandmother was again buttering toast, which had gone soggy.

            “Your grandfather never took vitamins,” she said.  Her knife tore straight through the toast and screeched across her plate like blackboard chalk.  “He sustained a rich, full life, and he never took vitamins.”

            “My dad has a book — ”

            “Here we go again.”

            “ — about people who got phone calls from dead relatives.  They call up and say stuff they forgot to say when they were alive.”

            “I know all about your father’s books,” said Michael’s grandmother.  “What happened to the book I gave you?  Great Expectations is a wonderful story.”

            “It’s five hundred pages long,” he said.

            “And?”

            He wanted to tell her that Pip was no name for a boy.  It put him in mind of Pippy Longstocking, an even worse name for a girl.

            “The great books are long books,” said his grandmother, none too convincingly.  “The Bible, certainly.  There’s Anna Karenina and Raintree County.”

            Michael managed another bite of oatmeal.  “What about

The Old Man and the Sea?” he asked.  “The Old Man and the Sea isn’t a long book.”

            “As if you’ve read it.”  His grandmother snorted.

            Admittedly, Michael knew of many more books than he had read.  His father’s library — which filled dozens of bowlegged shelves tilted against the basement walls — offered a grand visual excursion.  The books were divided roughly 50/50 between accepted literary classics and outré occult manuals and overviews.

            “Wanna know my dad’s favorite book?”

            “Don’t tell me, Michael.  Is it the telephone book of the dead?”

            “It’s called The Mind Parasites.”

            “Yes, I’m sure,” said his grandmother.  “He also collects those awful Bela Lugosi movies.  I’ve no doubt you’ve seen every one of them by now.”  She was clearing the table, save for Michael’s grapefruit juice.

            “Yeah!” he said, eyes wide.  “The best one is The Devil Bat.  Bela Lugosi plays a mad scientist who’s got a giant vampire bat hanging upside down in his laboratory.  It’s kinda stupid, actually.  But the bat is cool.”

            “Very inspiring,” said Grandmother Booth.  She slid the glass of grapefruit juice nearer to him.

            He heard a rustling outside in the garden.  The kitchen window shone with glare; Michael squinted into the light.  Emerging from behind a row of lilac bushes and running at a steady clip across the lawn was Kimberly-Ann Stohl.  When she reached the house, she raced up the porch steps two at a time and slammed breathless against the screen door.  Michael knew that Kimberly-Ann was at an age of outlandish and accelerated growth — her limbs shot out from her body like tendrils and crashed unceasingly into every object that stood in her path.  The latest development, of which he had previously been unaware, was her hair: it was dyed with streaks of Day-Glo pink and yellow, and clipped unisexually short for the summer. This character is in direct contrast to the grandmother and that use of opposites creates drama. This is what readers want. Not reality, but the heightened reality of art that plays out the extremes of that opposition (the conflict).

                “I knew you were here, Michael!” she said.  She was pulling at the damp front of her T-shirt.  “Why didn’t you come to the park?”

            “Michael will be with you as soon as he finishes his breakfast,” said Grandmother Booth.  “Why don’t you sit on the steps and quiet down?”

            “It doesn’t matter,” said Kimberly-Ann.  “The balloons are already up.”

            “What?” said Michael.

            “The hot-air balloons.  You can see ’em right here from the porch.”

            Michael, startled, looked at his grandmother.  She pointed to the juice.

            “Away from the door, Kimberly-Ann,” she said.  “You and your Martian hairdo can wait on the steps.”

            Kimberly-Ann struck some adults as precocious, while others — like Grandmother Booth — found her hyperactive.  Her father was a Unitarian minister, a somewhat cultish vocation in Grandmother Booth’s Methodist circle.

            “I was at the park early with Alexander,” said Kimberly-Ann.  Alexander was her six-year-old brother.  “We were the first ones except for the joggers and the dogs.  Two pickup trucks turned off Cross Point Bridge and drove along the grass down to the middle of the park.  I knew what was happening because the trucks had gigantic baskets in back.  The baskets were for the balloons.”

            Kimberly-Ann’s face was pushing at the screen.  “Why are you staying at your grandmother’s house this time?”  she asked.

            “Cleaning out the garage,” said Michael.

            “Are you gonna come out here?”

            In one long, long gulp, Michael drank the grapefruit juice.  The aftertaste was horrible.  No wonder his father added vodka and tabasco: grapefruit juice by itself was a nightmare of wretchedness.  Even his eyes burned, and his lips bunched into a sour frown.

            “Jesus Christ!” said Kimberly-Ann.  “What the hell are you drinking, Michael?”

            Grandmother Booth whirled around to the door.  Her face was flushed a violent red.  She tried to smack the tip of Kimberly-Ann’s nose, which was still pressed up against the screen.  Kimberly-Ann stepped back in enough time that Grandmother Booth’s fingers merely strummed the wire mesh.

            “Maybe you talk that way at home,” said Grandmother Booth, her voice trembling with anger.  “Maybe you talk that way around your father, who would as soon pray to the rocks and the trees, and who cares not a whit for the unborn babies in this country.  But while you’re in my house — ”

            “I’m not in your house,” said Kimberly-Ann.  She was sitting on the porch steps, her head bowed.

            “ — while you’re on my property,” Grandmother Booth continued, without losing a beat,  “you’ll not use that language.”

            In the silence that followed, Grandmother Booth busied herself at the sink, drawing water, and adding soap to the basin.  One by one, she submerged dishes beneath the bubbles.  Michael stood by the door.  High above the trees, and seemingly stationary in the sky, were two hot-air balloons, luminous in the sunlight.  Grandmother Booth poured a cup of coffee.  She opened the refrigerator and removed a plate of fudge brownies that Michael had spied the night before.  “Take one for yourself,” she said.  “And one for Kimberly-Ann.”

            Michael hurriedly piled one brownie on top of the other and pushed his way outside.

            “Don’t let the door slam,” said his grandmother.

            Kimberly-Ann was standing in the yard and motioning to Grandmother Booth.  “You should see the balloons from here, Mrs. Booth,” she said, the enthusiasm returning to her voice in an apparent ploy for redemption.

            Michael handed a brownie over to Kimberly-Ann, while at the same time elbowing her in the ribs.  “Don’t tell my grandma to come outside,” he whispered sternly.  “She’s practically in her underwear.  How come you didn’t show up and get me earlier?”

                “Screw you, Michael Booth,” said Kimberly-Ann, assaying the same tone and volume as Michael.  “Do you even live in this neighborhood?  You love to pretend you’re a friendly kid, but you blow in and out of your grandma’s house like some kind of Surf Ninja.”

                “Call me the devil bat!” he hissed, in an off-the-cuff Bela Lugosi impersonation.  “See my teeth?”  He exhibited an open mouth of brownie slush.

            Grandmother Booth walked out into the sunlight.  Michael could see the silhouette of her spindly legs through the silk fabric of her robe (patterned with orange, yellow, and red chrysanthemums).  Her slippers clacked on the porch floorboards like drumsticks methodically marking time.  She stopped at the railing and reached up to gently arrange the blooms of a potted fuschia hanging in the shade.

            “Alexander asked one of the truck drivers how you learn to fly a balloon,” said Kimberly-Ann.  “The man said that you have to go to balloon school.”

            Grandmother Booth rolled her eyes.  “I think the fellow was making a joke, Kimberly-Ann.”

            “The man said balloon school, and I think I believe him.”

            “Nonsense,” said Grandmother Booth.  She set her coffee cup on the steps.

            “How do they blow up those balloons?” asked Michael.

            Grandmother Booth stretched out her hand toward a bamboo rake that was leaning next to the house, and then she abruptly reversed the gesture and pulled her arm to her side.  Michael watched his grandmother take several deep breaths and slowly sit down on the porch steps.  The color had drained from her face.  (The pain she felt was not new, nor was it unexpected.  However, it was usually accompanied by a shower of lights like a Fourth of July sparkler going off inside of her head.  Today the pain was dull and leaden, and minus the fanfare.)  For several minutes she quietly rubbed her shoulder, as if smoothing wrinkles in her robe.

            Kimberly-Ann was kneeling on the lawn and working at a handstand.  “We helped them look for broken glass and things on the ground that might hurt the balloons.”

            “The balloons were spread on the ground?” asked Michael.

            “I’m getting to that,” said Kimberly-Ann.  She lost her balance, flipped over, and landed flat on her back.  Michael imagined her as the clumsy scarecrow in the movie The Wizard of Oz. The movie nostalgia and literary allusions may not appeal to everyone, but they do to editors who have spend their lives in the worlds of books, movies, paintings  and music. But the writer uses them to enhance his storytelling, they are not superfluous to building the story’s arc.

                “I mean they laid the balloons out on the ground like pancakes as big as swimming pools,” Kimberly-Ann was saying.

            “But how do they blow them up?”

            “Michael, I’m trying to tell you if you’d shut up.”

            He envisioned hordes of winged monkeys swooping out of the sky and setting upon Kimberly-Ann, tearing off her straw-filled arms and legs.  His grandmother would surely hurl a fireball. . .

            Grandmother Booth intervened, rising to her feet.  “Let her tell her story.”

            “I’m just asking,” said Michael.  He was curled up in the porch swing, furiously rocking, and nearly panicked with despair that he had, without question, missed the balloon launching.

            “Please stop fidgeting,” his grandmother said.  “That old swing creaks and it’s giving me a headache.”

                “Sorry.”  He narrowed the swing’s compass by shifting his boby weight.

                “Okay, okay,” said Kimberly-Ann.  “So can I tell my story now?”  She took a deep breath, and then exhaled through pursed lips, as if smoking a cigarette.  (Michael, in fact, had seen Kimberly-Ann on several occasions inhale real cigarette smoke with practiced aplomb.)  “The baskets were set on the ground,” she said, “ — big wicker baskets like snake charmers use.  The balloons were filled with a bit of air using a sort of electrical fan.  They were still lying on the ground, filling up kind of wobbly, and you could look inside of them like a cave or tunnel all lit up and glowing from sunlight shining through.  I mean it was like seeing inside of a whale.  And then the fire tanks were ignited.”

            “Fire tanks?” said Michael.  He was looking skyward, but the balloons were drifting behind a tangle of telephone wires and tree limbs.

            “When they got everything pointed upright,” said Kimberly-Ann, “those balloons were like circus tents as tall as skyscrapers.  The fire tanks boomed like jet engines.”

            “This is sounding very dangerous, young lady,” said Grandmother Booth.  “And exhausting.  I’m worn out just listening to you.”

            Michael lay in the porch swing.  He stared up at empty skies and remembered the vast rolling clouds in the series of drawings his grandmother used in Bible class to illustrate the Ascension.  In his graceful white robe and his long flowing hair, Jesus seemed ill-equiped for liftoff.

            Grandmother Booth taught Bible class during the spring and summer months.  In the years before Grandfather Booth died she had also operated year-round a tiny Christian bookstore on Paquette Avenue, right across from the lake.  She sold framed pictures illustrating every scriptured moment in Jesus’ life, and there were Bible verses imprinted on items as diverse as oven mittens, ashtrays, and Ping-Pong paddles.  Michael still owned several plastic glow-in-the-dark crosses that were so bright he could read comic books by them beneath the bedsheets.

            Suddenly Grandmother Booth appeared, hovering overhead.  “Sweetheart, do me a favor,” she was saying.  “Grab me another cup of coffee from the kitchen.”

            Michael brought the swing to a halt by dragging his heels like Fred Flintstone stopping his car.  He carried his grandmother’s cup into the house and poured the last of the pot from the Mr. Coffee.  The brew was thick like hot chocolate, but smelled much worse.  He was reminded of the scorched odor that resulted when he once leaned in too close to a Christmas candle and a lock of his hair sizzled and popped.

            The telephone rang in the living room.  He turned off the coffee machine and carefully balanced his grandmother’s cup, which was full to the brim, and walked with it across the hallway.  He set the coffee cup down beside the telephone and picked up the receiver.

            “Hello?” said Michael.

            He recognized the voice, but there was a wavering of the signal, a crackling like potato chips, like burning leaves. There is no doubt after the competence of the first few paragraphs that an editor would read on. But the piece could go either way, that’s the chance it takes. Believe it or not an editor is cheering that it will succeed. In this story, this phone call supposedly from the dead grandfather, clinches the decision. There is a creative leap here, like the last line of a great poem, yet it has been beautifully set up by everything that has gone before. Even if the ending were to be flawed or there were some dialogue that needed tightening, the editor is committed to publishing this piece and now looks at it as part of the magazine, not as a submission.

                “How’s the visit with your grandmother?”

            “I don’t know,” said Michael.

            There was silence on the other end.  Michael held the phone tight against his ear.

            “Hello?” he said.

                “Michael, don’t ever be afraid.”

                He watched the steam from his grandmother’s coffee cup rise and filter into the air.  He thought of the balloons that were somewhere overhead, kept aloft (he now knew) by the thunderous roar of fire tanks.

            “I don’t know why I’m here,” said Michael.

            “Think ‘calcium.’  Think ‘iron.’ ”

            “What?”

            “Her bones are brittle.  I think you can understand that.”

            “So what if I can?”

            Michael could hear a heavy, bottomless sigh that seemed to echo deep within the phone line.

            “Let’s step outside the world of the Froot Loop and the Frosted Flake.  Can you do that, Michael?”

            “What’s that s’posed to mean?  I mean, I hate Froot Loops.  Frosted Flakes are okay — ”

            “Listen, there’s more to your existence than warm blood and cold soda pop.  Don’t you get it?  Heaven is in your head, but you’ve got to peer beyond the corpuscular threshold.  Turn off the claptrap and the time clocks.  You have too much fight in you, too much anger.  Your grandmother is the same way.”

            He had only been in one fight — or near-fight — in his life, a gym class altercation.  A student named Brillo was accidentally beaned in the head with a volleyball and blamed Michael.  No fists were brandished, only threats and hostile glances.  He remembered feeling not anger, but rather astonishment that someone could bestow malicious intent upon an innocent act.

            “Grandma doesn’t need my help.”

            “That’s where your dumb kid logic breaks down, because you’re wrong.  What I’m asking is this: Would you stay a few more days with her?  Keep an eye out?”

            “Why would I do that?  Is she gonna die or something?”

            “I would imagine so.”

            A sudden rage flashed across Michael’s consciousness.  “I don’t live here!”  he shouted.  And he thought: I’m talking to a dead man.  I’m talking to a dead man.  I’m talking to a dead dead dead dead dead man.

                “C’mon now.  Is that really the issue at hand?  Hang in there two more days.  Read a book, watch a movie.  Keep an eye out –  ”

            Before Michael heard another word he slammed the receiver back in its cradle.

            The telephone began ringing again.  Michael was out the back door with his grandmother’s coffee splashing his arm.  Grandmother Booth was climbing the steps.  “I’m hearing telephones,” she said, taking the cup from Michael.  He jumped down the steps as his grandmother disappeared inside the house.

            Searching the yard for Kimberly-Ann, he finally noticed her running between houses some distance away.  An overpowering fragrance of lilac welled up before him and poisoned the air.  He stood at the garden’s edge, near the large riverbank stones his grandfather had hauled from Merrimac twenty years ago.  An ocean of green encircled Michael’s feet: hosta, sedum, juniper.  Grandmother Booth’s garden was a maze of layered plants and flowers that were timed like a Disneyland diorama to burst forth one after another, wave upon wave throughout the spring and summer.  Faded daffodils and tulips were offset by the nascent bloom of poppies and honeysuckle.  Irises — flowered in dense, wrinkled flesh — currently ruled the land with the sheer heft of their presence.

            Arms outstretched, Michael began to spin himself round and round.  His fingertips swiped at the fringes of Technicolor blossoms.  The lawn, the world, the kaleidoscopic swirl of foliage, all seemed to orbit about him in glorious madness.  The energy in his head continued pumping like a Ferris wheel even after he stumbled dizzily to the ground and his skull cracked hard against the rocks.  “The carnival of dreams,” his mother had said, “will carry you to the very tip of the sky.”  And then always the descent through weighty perfume: the garden’s usurping gravity.  Michael felt the grip of strong heavenly hands taking hold of his soul, scooping him up like fallen fruit.  As he closed his eyes he prayed he would be able again and again to conjure this delicious loss of selfhood, this wonderland of vegetable darkness.

            Grandmother Booth was sitting in the grass and cradling him in her arms.

            “Are you all right?” she was saying.

            Michael nodded.  He had a tremendous headache.

            “You nearly knocked yourself dead,” said Grandmother Booth.  “I was watching from the window.  Your father called back.  Why did you hang up on him?”

            “He said you were going to die this week,” said Michael.

             “Oh, he did, did he?”  She laughed out loud.  “I’m sorry your father sees fit to drop you here like a stray dog, Michael.  You have every right to despise the confusion in your life.  But I want you to hear this: I know a thing or two about living and dying.  I know how life begins on this planet, and I know how it ends.  If I should decide to die this week, or any week, you’ll hear it directly from me.  That’s a promise.  Do you understand?” The phone call can be explained away, but not the boy’s confusion. The theme of the story is loss, being left behind, wanting to rise up above all the mess of living as an adult on earth. But the grandmother is the salvation. Not just her as a person, or her fundamentalist beliefs, but the human strength and courage she represents that has served many generations in their anguish. Too often new writers depend upon a plot twist. That’s why they write a piece, they have a clever idea. But more often in a short story the reader’s insight comes from the better understanding of character. There isn’t enough time for a lot of plot development and reversals, as in a novel, so they are sketchy at best when attempted in the short story form. The ending should suggest a resolution to the external conflict, but more important speak to the underlying theme. It’s at that level, that it’s most satisfying.

              “I think so.”

             “Enough, then,” she said.  “Let’s get you inside and wash the blood from your face.” 

“Wash the blood from your face,” is suggestive of religious salvation, and that is symbolic for the hopefulness we feel for the boy and ourselves. I would like to thank Bob Wake for allowing us to use his story and hope these comments are hopeful to those of you considering submitting material to Rosebud and other publications. Good luck. John Lehman, Rosebud Founder/Publisher

 

THIS ENDS SHORT STORY MAGIC. HOPE YOU HAVE ENJOYED IT AND FOUND SOMETHING USEFUL. I WELCOME ALL COMMENTS.

SHORT STORY MAGIC – Part 7

Getting published is easy as launching a small boat.
Getting published is easy as launching a small boat.

The Five Myths That Prevent You from Being a Successfully Published Writer and Five Realities That Change This Around. 

1.     Myth: Only the best writers get published.

Reality: This will be true only when only the best readers read books. Have you been to a book store lately?

2.     Myth: It’s impossible to make a living as a writer.

Reality: Maybe writing poetry, but how about business stuff for the local paper or for trade magazines (Have the businesses pay you to write about them). The one thing every business (big or small) needs is someone who can communicate their message internally and externally.

3.     Myth: A good piece of writing sells itself.

Reality: Nothing sells itself any more. Persistence, blind persistence and then deaf and dumb persistence. You have to get their attention first before an editor, publisher or agent will read what you’ve produced. There’s as much art to this as there is putting words on the page. Also, know someone whose name you can use.

4.     Myth: Work your way up from the bottom.

Reality: Free work leads to more un-paid, free work. Use what you’ve done as credibility to get to the next level. And use that to get to the one above that.

5.    Myth: It’s harder to succeed than to fail.

 Reality: You are a writer, like it or not. It might be more fun to direct movies or be on TV, but  this is what you are. To not do it is failure. That’s what is impossible to accept.  

“Where we are is who we are.”—Toni Cade Bambara 

Setting as Mirror

  • Setting as Backdrop
  • Setting as Atmosphere
  • Setting and Believability
  • Setting as Situation
  • Setting as Motive
  • Setting as Metaphor 

Exercise

Walk through some familiar places and describe what it feels like; portray the sights, scents, sounds, textures, earth, trees, walls, view out the windows, etc. If you had a strange experience in a place this reminds you of, make a story out of it and augment it with the perceptions you are feeling now. If you didn’t have a strange experience, imagine one and use these perceptions to support your imagination. 

Share stories and challenges

The first rule for the writer is simple, painless and even fun: Read before you write—fiction, that is both short and long. Read to the point of intoxication, if you will, so that your bloodstream is changed by the alcohol of fiction, and then believe in the visions that fill your head. The sober and important fact about deep and wide reading of other short-story writers is that one begins thinking in fictional terms, and does not lapse into propaganda writing, or merely expository writing, or any other kind that does not contribute to that single, intense and limited effect that is the short story.—Hallie Burnett  

Titles (make a list of five)

Now Write a Sub Title (tag line) for each

Queries—What to send magazine/book editors and publishers along with your best piece: 

            Marketing Exercise (S.T.A.R.T.) 

Story Idea (put this in one sentence)

Treatment (Genre, Dramatic Shape, Characters, Locations)

Audience (very important this match the market the publisher is trying to reach)

Research (go to a large bookstore and look around at what is out there like this. You need to state there  is an audience looking for what you offer, but also tell how you are unique from what is now available)

Timeline (of Delivery) 

A story is not putting one sentence after another. It’s a series of aimed sentences. 

“Fiction deepens feeling…if it doesn’t do that it isn’t fiction.”—Richard Bausch

 Write a Movie Trailer for Your Story

 Exercise

Have a person think about three unrelated incidents in his or her life while something else is going on now. Perhaps the person is undergoing surgery or going on a date. Once you decide what these apparently unrelated incidents are, write approximately a page about each incident and three pages of current action. Then mix: one paragraph of present action, followed by one paragraph of one of the incidents, then present action, then another incident, and so on. Orient the reader enough for each incident with different names and places.

Exercise (Choose One)

A. Begin a story with a scene of public humiliation from the point of view of the humiliated person. think of something truly embarrassing. This is an exercise in kicking off your fiction with emotion. An opening like this will immediately give you the passions and pain of a character and hence, a strong motive force for revenge or to comeback in glory. 

B. Open a story with a scene in which someone or something is discovered  missing. Who’s responsible? What does this mean? What’s to be done next. You are opening with a problem so right away there is something to be solved. 

C. Open with the summary of a story. Tell what the story is going to be about and who’s in it, in the most straightforward terms. Sometimes storytelling can start the old-fashioned way, with the telling that’ll raise questions, ask for explanations; the details will come in the evidence of what we are talking about. 

Personal Timeline What?  When?  How?  What happens if you do it?  What happens if you don’t do it? Put this on a half sheet of paper and tape it to your computer screen. Next thing you know it will be accomplished.

 Know everything.—Isaac Babel 

Next: An editor analyzes a short story submission paragraph by paragraph. Don’t miss this.  

Macabre Short Story Formula

  1. Think quicksand
  2. hypnogogic state
  3. Believe in the subject
  4. Use reaction instead of tags
  5. Make the reader the central character
  • a rejection that leads to wanting something else
  • an idealization of this unreachable person or goal
  • circumstances that reinforce this
  • details that make the reader uncomfortable
  • push it to extreme
  • false resolution
  • someone is on to him

MORE 

  1. The clue shell-game
  2. Smell and touch
  3. The climax—physical things described in maddening detail (and short sentences/rhythm)
  4. Ironic twist

 

“That which hinders your task is your task.”  –Sanford Meisner 

Five Steps to Getting Published

1. Discover what you’re good at, what makes you unique.

2. Find an audience (your focus group).

3. Think about how you can expand upon it.

4. Do market research.  (How do magazines/publishers make their

      money?)

A.   Writer’s guides

  1. Bookstores
  2. Advertising Standard Rates & Data (demographics) at all libraries
  3. Publisher catalogs
  4. Position your writing (in terms of audience) or yourself.
  5. Know your competition
    1. Why not to self-publish (trouble getting stores to carry without a distributor)
    2. Courting Publishers and Agents
    3. Association of Authors’ Representatives, Inc., 10 Astor Place, Third Floor, New York, NY 10003 ($2 and self addressed stamped envelope)
    4. Proposal—Concept, Market, Competition, Book, Methodology, Qualifications, Delivery, Sample
  6. Have an organized way of communicating this. Evaluate results and reward success. 

A Few Extra Hints 

Treat getting published as part of the creative process

  1. Look for back doors (get to know people)
  2. Go to readings and make contact
  3. Have a writing marketing partner
  4. Go public with your effort
  5. Help someone else get published 

Recommended Books 

How To Get Happily Published, Judith Appelbaum, HarperPereneal (1992)

The Self-Publishing Manual, Dan Poynter, Para Publishing (1996)

Guide To Literary Agents, Donya Dickerson, Writer’s Digest Books (1999)

Novel & Short Story Writer’s Market, Barbara Kuroff, Writer’s Digest (1999)

Be Your Own Literary Agent, Martin P. Levin, Ten Speed Press (1995)

How To Write A Book Proposal, Michael Larsen, Writer’s Digest (1985)

Diagram2-1

Five Elements (in three to five scenes)

                        Conflict—External vs. Internal conflict

                        Complication

                        Twist

                        Climax

                        Resolution (Revelation)

 

The king died and then the queen died, is a story. The king died, and then the queen died of grief, is a plot.—E.M. Forster

 

Transition Hooks

Never settle for any other type of transition without first trying to use one in which an emotion is involved. Here are some examples of different types of transitions:

Emotion only

Gradually, his sadness dissipated; new hope and a growing sense of purpose stirred within him.

Time only

She started job-hunting that morning but by evening she had not yet found a position.

Time plus emotion

She felt brave and full of hope when she left the house that morning to go job-hunting; by evening she was weary and discouraged.

Place plus emotion

            When he boarded the plane at La Guardia, Fred was certain he had made a mistake in accepting the new position. An uneasy premonition of failure was still with him when they touched down at Chicago’s O’Hare Airport, but as they left Denver the air turbulence seemed somehow to jolt him out of the downbeat, portentous mood that had clung to him. When he walked down the ramp at San Francisco International, he was buoyant and confident, and he knew his decision to come West had been a wise one. 

Alternative Extended-Exercise

Write a short unified piece, like the example below from Flannery O’Conner’s short story, “Everything That Rises Must Converge.” which begins with a summary and then shifts into the forward motion of a direct scene, makes a seamless transition that carries us to a pertinent flashback, and ends in slow motion.

Summary

Her doctor had told Julian’s mother that she must lose twenty pounds on account of her blood pressure, so on Wednesday nights Julian had to take her downtown on the bus for a reducing class at the Y. The reducing class was designed for working girls over fifty, who weighed from 165 to 200 pounds. His mother was one of the slimmer ones, but she said ladies did not tell their age or weights. She would not ride the buses by herself at night since they had been integrated, and because the reducing class was one of her few pleasures, necessary for her health, and free, she said Julian could at least put himself out to take her, considering all she did for him. Julian did not like to consider all she did for him, but every Wednesday night he braced himself and took her. 

Flashback

     “I remember going to Grandpa’s when I was a little girl. Then the house had double stairways that went up to what was really the second floor—all the cooking was done on the first. I used to like to stay down in the kitchen on account of the way the walls smelled. i would sit with my nose pressed against the plaster and take deep breaths. Actually the place belonged to the Godhights but your grandfather Chestney paid the mortgage and saved it for them. They were in reduced circumstances,” she said, “but reduced or not, they never forgot who they were.”

     “Doubtless that decayed mansion reminded them,” Julian muttered.  

Slow Motion

The huge woman turned and for a moment stood, her shoulders lifted and her face frozen with frustrated rage, and stared at Julian’s mother. Then all at once she seemed to explode like a piece of machinery that had been given one ounce of pressure too much. Julian saw the black fist swing out with the red pocketbook. He shut his eyes and cringed as he heard the woman shout, “He don’t take nobody’s pennies!” When he opened his eyes, the woman was disappearing down the street with the little boy staring wide-eyed over his shoulder. Julian’s mother was on the sidewalk.

Picture_031 

SOME INTERESTING TERMS AND IDEAS

A short story presents a fork in the road—there is no turning back.

Begin and end with moving action (plot). (Repeated action = character)

After-shadowing s.

(like Foreshadowing but it only makes sense afterwards)

Techniques of Suspense

  • mystery>curiosity>explanation
  • conflict>uncertainty>explanation
  • tension>anticipation>fulfillment (the most effective)

Tension is saying something is going to happen then putting it off.

Emotions of a character can be communicated to the reader as expressed or suppressed.

Action reveals character.

In a short story, as opposed to a novel, theme and plot are interwoven.

Plot is the major character going through action to something happening to him that changes him.

Address from theme from the first line (or even better the title).

Writing is discovery, not of what comes next, but of how all the elements of the story fit together.

Point of View is a focusing tool.

Point of view character ends up being the moved character.

Choose setting that reflects theme and foreshadows action.

 

The action at the end of a story must be both in character and beyond character—Flannery O’Conner 

 

At my desk next morning I held my pen and hunched my shoulders and leaned my head down, physically trying to look more deeply into the page of the notebook. I did this for a moment before writing, as a batter takes practice swings while he waits in the on-deck circle. In that moment I began what I call vertical writing, rather than horizontal. I had never before thought in these terms. But for years I had been writing horizontally, trying to move forward; now I would try to move down, as deeply as I could. —Andre Dubus

 

Beginning, Middle, End

     When you begin a story and while you’re reading it, it should seem as if you’re moving from left to right: alternatives to the character’s fate and to the plot’s action seem open, possible, available. But when you’ve finished the story and look back, the action should seem inevitable, as if you’d moved from right to left.

     What the beginning of a short story should do, what the beginning of most successful modern short stories usually do, is begin to state the theme of the story right from the very first line. This can be done by a bit of descriptive writing designed as well to establish the setting or the mood, or even by a line of dialogue.

   Hemingway’s “A Clean Well-Lighted Place,” for example is a story about age and the fear of death. Throughout there is a thread of imagery associating light with life and death with dark, and the old man sitting in the shadow establishes this in the very first sentence:

It was late and everyone had left the café except an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree made against the electric light.

   Plot never gets that complicated in its development in a short story so a better term for what happens in the middle is a complication or ambiguity of theme. It is the escalation of conflict between the results of choices that I mentioned earlier. The middle ends with the movement of the character toward one or the other of these, which leads to the climax at the end of the middle.

    The end doesn’t require a long summary of what happened afterwards as in a novel. The short story need only tell us what happened and let us draw conclusions as to its significance for the character, for the reader. Whatever resolution occurs at the end is not so likely these days to be brought about by some final development of the plotting as it is by the introduction of some thematic note: a new image or symbol (of ,say, hopefulness or despair) or by a bit of dialogue or description of a new attitude. All there must be is enough for a careful reader, so long as its connection with the story is, upon analysis, clear. The contemporary short story writer need make no more explanations in his endings than in his beginnings. But the one unforgivable sin in writing is to be deliberately obscure.

   The final whole story will be the result of many conscious and unconscious decisions about method, made by the writer. One factor, for instance, that’s always present in determining method is any special aptitude or knowledge that the writer may have: if he’s good at dialogue, for instance, he’s unlikely to want to spend much time rendering in detail a sequence of a man alone, of if he’s had experiences in a certain room or city and wants to describe it, he will try to set one of his episodes in it.

 

Point of View

   Point of view accomplishes two very important things. First, like a motion picture camera, it establishes the closeness or distance we as readers have from the characters. First person gives maximum intimacy. But we may not want that (especially if the character is very different from the reader and that kind of association will not seem natural). Third person objective (not knowing any of the characters’ thoughts) is the most distant. It is the panorama, the historic sweep. Identifying with one of the third person participants and knowing his or her thoughts is somewhere in between.

   But that brings up the second thing point of view accomplishes. It is not only a way of providing the reader with information it is also a way of holding it back—we don’t know what is on a character’s mind. And here we have some freedom. We must stick with our basic choice of first or third person for the entire story, but in a given scene we can alter the vantage point slightly, giving or not giving thoughts and dialogue or only giving one or the other of those things without describing the action. We hold back so the reader jumps further in, imagining these things in a way which he or she will discover may or may not be correct.

   When in doubt use third person point of view and write as if the story is happening in the past (that is a convention readers accept without thinking about it. The words of dialogue are always in the present so having the narrative be in the past tense creates a nice contrast that adds to the dynamics of the piece).

 

 

Exercise

Take a sensitive or finicky character and send him or her on a grimy journey, to an interesting place where that person is threatened or imagined they are threatened by a passenger in a train, bus, plane or taxi. Or take three characters who have as little in common as you can think and place them in the same cab or the same row of seats. As you raise the sense of danger, intersperse the action with details of the travel—waterfalls, coyotes, smell of burning garbage, whatever.

 

Motivation and More Exercises

Motivation—like characterization and plot—must emerge gradually in your story. You must back up the protagonist’s discoveries with believable characterization. The character not only must be capable of doing the necessary acts, but also must be capable of having the necessary motivations. so you must set up your characters and their traits from the beginning of the story and build them throughout the plot in such a way as to support their personalities, the required motivation and the plot.

A. Write a dialogue of a couple of pages in which one person tries to seduce another. Make the seducer a fairly unlikely candidate for the job. Give strong motivation to your characters and this will intensify their speech. A dialogue that is motive driven is easier to write than a dialogue that has no apparent mission behind it. The stronger the reason for someone’s talking, the more likely it is that you can drive the dialogue meaningfully.

 

B. Write a dialogue in which two people argue intensely about something, and in the middle of the quarrel let them discover that they are both wrong. There had been some misunderstanding that in the quarrel gets exposed and settled. Then write the dialogue of reconciliation.

 

C. Write a discovery dialogue. Two people are celebrating their good relationship, and in the middle of the memory session, a piece of information surfaces and totally upsets one partner so that a furious quarrel ensues.

 

Its words may be simple in the extreme, as in the stories of Hemingway. His story vocabulary has been estimated at about 800 words—that of an average high school sophomore.—Paul Darcy Boles

  

Emotions

Thought or emotion crosses the line into plot when it becomes action and causes reactions. Until then, attitudes, however interesting in themselves, are just potential, just cloudy possibilities. They’re static. They’re not going anywhere. No action, however dramatic, is plot if the story would have been about the same if it hadn’t happened at all. Any action, however seemingly trivial, can be vital and memorable if it has significant consequences and changes the story’s outcome. Plotting is a way of looking at things. It’s a way of deciding what’s important and then showing it to be important through the way you construct and connect the major events of your story. For the reader to care about your story, there has to be something at stake—someth8ing of value to gain, something of value to be lost. “Wrestling” in short story writing means something specific happening: two strong forces are meeting, one of them triumphing over he other—for better or for worse. These may be “external” or “internal” forces or both.

 External conflict—hero versus villain, man versus the sea, etc.—if it ever aspires to more than routine melodrama soon becomes internal conflict. Internal conflict, conflict within an individual always devolves into a matter of choice. How will the protagonist choose or decide? The outcome must be made to depend on the character’s will: the outcome of plot must have some relation to character. The sort of suspense created by conflict is what Jessamine West called “willy wonty,” the reader’s uncertainty about whether a character “will” or “won’t” commit an act, decide a matter, do a deed, marry the girl or let her go. It is the suspenseful reaction at its simplest. But to be effective the situation of the conflict must be developed so that the forces or values on each side are more or less balanced. Tension in a story consists in something unresolved. Setting up something to be resolved and then prolonging or postponing the resolution of it is one way of putting tension in a story.

 A scene is one connected and sequential action, together with its embedded description and background material. It seems to happen just as if a reader were watching and listening to it happen. It’s built on talk and action. It’s dramatized, shown, rather than being summarized or talked about.

 

At the Edge by John Lehman 

 

In that moment, as he stood in the kitchen

garbed in a Black Watch plaid bathrobe

with his two spindly legs sticking out of it,

I thought, I could have done much better

than this. He was attempting to crack an egg

into a flimsy poacher. Then, he put his hand

on a loaf of bread, and there was something

exquisite about that hand. I saw the hand that

made love to me, the hand that had planted

tulips with me. This man is not a god, but

a person who can fight things through. And

on this anniversary as I asked myself do I stay

or do I go, finally I knew.

Picture_034

Evening Exercise

Construct a character from one aspect of your personality (not the dominant one). Make this trait the main motive force of the character’s feelings and thoughts. If you are shy, for example, construct a character who is much more shy than you. This character should be different from you in most ways-age, occupation, appearance. Now describe his behavior in several social situations, interacting (or avoiding interaction) with several relatives, strangers, his doctor, his therapist and acquaintances.

CoJournaling Exercise

Use the composite character based on one of your personality traits from the earlier exercise and make him or her talk in the first person. Use a voice that is not quite yours but that’s not too alien to you—perhaps your brother’s or sister’s voice, if you can hear it in your head, merged with yours. Now let the character tell us why he or she committed an abhorrent deed. Maybe she seduced a neighbor’s son or didn’t give medicine to her dying mother.         

Basics of a Scene

 Each character  must have a “Goal” for the scene, and an “Action” they are doing.

If the emotion is not something you have experienced yourself use an “As If.”

The Emotional Beat

Whereas description captures the outer world, inner responses in a scene give a reader access to intangible thoughts and feelings.  In an attempt to appear objective, many firsthand writers omit character responses and their writing is spiritless.  Emotions and insights are like the close-up shots in a film.  Without them an audience feels disconnected, at too far a distance…

 In narrative, a beat is the unit of the characters’ state of being which leads to the next unit.  If you studied composition in school, you were taught to write essays and papers by the logical development of ideas.  You were taught to have a topic sentence at the beginning of each paragraph, to develop your main idea, paragraph by paragraph, and to draw a conclusion at the end.  The basic unit of development was the concept of each paragraph.

That’s not how you do it in narrative.  Yes, as in exposition, you want a development of your subject by units.  You don’t want everything to be a blur, a jumble.  But in narrative, the basic unit of development is the beat, not the paragraph.  So you have chapters, scenes and within the scenes, beats.  Each beat is a micro-realization of the state of awareness of the feelings and thoughts of the characters, which evolve beat by beat by beat.                                               

Example:

Return Bout

Jack Lehman

      I am entering a boxing ring, he thought to himself as he walked through the door of the inner office and saw Mr. Samuels at his desk busy about little tasks, all of which were more important than interviewing him. Each of us, in our own way, is showing the other that he has been trained for this moment; but I know something he doesn’t. Only one of us will leave this ring with his reputation intact.

     “Now—Jack Bursey, isn’t it?— sit down, please.” Samuels waved the older man toward a chair in front of the desk. Only when the visitor had been seated did Samuels bother to look up. The room was uncomfortably warm for the first of April and there was the smell of an overripe banana.

     “Before we begin, let me give you a little tip. The format of your resume is outdated, and you have left off crucial dates. Senior applicants sometimes do this in the hope that it will minimize their age. It accomplishes just the opposite. It tells me you think you are too old for the position.”

     The interviewee chuckled to himself. If he had had any hesitation before coming in here, if he had worried he might sympathize in some way with this conceited administrator, those feelings were gone. Good. Let the round begin.

     “Have you actually had any experience working for a high-tech? I don’t see that among all the other ‘achievements’ you’ve listed.”

     “Only one…”

     Samuels looked dismissive.

     “…which you might find interesting.  T.C.P.” 

     Samuels’ head shot up as he said, almost involuntarily, “I worked there.”

     “I know.”

     “You can’t be John G. Bursey?”

     “Oh, but that’s exactly who I am.”

     Samuels’ face went red and a line of perspiration appeared along the top of forehead. Samuels thought the other man’s face looked vaguely familiar. Suddenly, his comfortable, square office seemed to be contracting. He could hear the tick of the battery operated wall clock, the distant rumbling of the ventilation system. On his desk the chrome paper-clip holder, the letter opener, his antique stapler seemed dazzling in the ray of sunlight coming in through the half open window blinds.

     And then he was back. Perhaps Bursey didn’t know anything about that incident at T.C.P. Perhaps he himself was only imagining the worst. Perhaps.

     “But that was then, and this is now,” the job candidate smiled.

     “Yes, yes, of course.”

     “Though…” The older man let the word hang in the air, and for Samuels the room again began to spin. “…I would feel a bit more comfortable sitting in your leather chair behind your desk, rather than in this vinyl, reception room chair.”

     “Yes, of course.” Samuels smiled as if the other had made an interesting though irrelevant observation.

     “No, I mean it. We will now switch positions. You will sit where I am in this molded plastic abomination, and I will sit where you are.”

     The younger man looked in astonishment as Jack Bursey rose. The man was serious. This was ridiculous. But… Samuels slowly got to his feet.

     “Now that would be stupid, wouldn’t it, young man?” the man’s eyes bore into Samuels.

     They both sat down. End of the first round.

     “Let me tell you something about myself that’s not on that résumé. It’s also why I’m here today,” the visitor began as if the two had met seated next to each other on a long, evening airplane flight.

     “Look, Mr. Bursey, I would like to hear what you have to say, but I just don’t have the time right now. If you are the John G. Bursey of T.C.P., you are way overqualified for this job anyway. No. You’re just not right for this position. Thank you for coming in. It has been an honor, as they say. Your time is valuable. Thank you. Good day.”

     “Being president of a large corporation can be anti-climactic in a way.” the phlegmatic older man pressed the tips of his fingers together and briefly closed his eyes. Samuels swallowed. This was not going to be quick or easy.

     “When you start a company you work eighty hours a week, doing whatever job you have to in order that things are done and done right. Then to sustain growth you suddenly realize that you have to bring others in to take over. The same one-man drive that got the company off the ground at the next stage starts to work against its success. So you delegate and try not to micro-manage the folks you have given responsibility to.”

     Samuels said nothing.

     “All of a sudden you’re dealing with board members and investors instead of people who do the real work. They ensconce you in a corporate headquarters downtown with a polished conference table and view of the city skyline. But the company is you, as much as a son or a daughter is you. And when someone betrays that, passes off some corporate resources as his own. Borrows against those resources…”

     “Listen, Mr. Bursey, I had my problems too. I had a daughter who was sick, a wife who was unhappy, debts.”

     “Even if he gets caught and to save face the company covers for him and lets him leave as if…as if he had done his job.  No, it still hurts years later. And when you retire and have nothing else to lose, you think, why not clean up the little affair? Why not see justice is done after all? Even if it is a small thing. Even if it doesn’t matter to anyone at all except to that person who listed his T.C.P. experience so prominently on his résumé that he got an even better position at another high-tech firm.

     The older man sighed.

     Jeffery Samuels felt as if he had aged 20 years in the last three minutes. His vision was blurred and his ears suddenly felt blocked with wax. He tried to sit up straight. He could smell the acrid odor of perspiration through his new Men’s Warehouse suit coat.

     “What do you want?” Samuels’ voice was barely audible.

     “I want the job.”

     “But why? Surely you make much more from your retirement plan and your stock options than this basic position could ever pay?”

     “Not that job. Not the one you have advertised. I NEED JUSTICE. I WANT YOUR JOB. You see, Samuels, I do covet your leather chair.”

     After a moment Jeffrey Samuels began breathing again. Wait a minute, he thought. What can this guy do. He can’t make me resign. There is nothing on my record that indicates any wrongdoing. This is all a hoax. I fell for it, but I don’t have to. I’m not down yet, and I am certainly not out.

     “All this is very interesting, Mr. Bursey, but entirely beside the point. I have no intention of giving up my position and, even if I should, there is no reason in the world that you would be hired to fill it. We have one opening and I am sorry to say that you are not a candidate for it. You’re just not right for this position. Any further discussion is out of the question. Please leave or I will have my assistant call Security and they will escort you out of these offices.

     End of the middle round.

     The other man smiled but did not move.    

     “I’m serious, Bursey, go.”

     “Oh, I’m leaving, but I think there is one last little piece of information you should know. It’s just a small detail. Maybe it will matter to you, maybe it won’t.”

     “What. For God’s sake tell me and get out.”

     “It’s just that T.C.P. has purchased this company.”

     Samuels stared at the cherubic-faced little man. Was he actually wearing a plaid lumberman’s jacket over his shirt and tie?

     “That’s impossible. I certainly would know it if that were true.”

     “Not necessarily. You see the take-over was kept relatively quiet. Part of the deal so insiders wouldn’t start buying up stock beforehand. But by tomorrow it will be in the papers. And by Friday you’ll be out looking for a new position. This time, I dare say, without such sterling references. For, besides feeling that little wrongs should be set right, I know that people do not easily change character. If someone were dishonest in one position they probably would be dishonest in the next.”

      That wasn’t completely true of Jeffrey Samuels.

     And with that Jack Bursey slowly pulled a cigar out of an inside pocket and rose from his chair.

     “How can I put this?” he said turning one last time toward Samuels. “You’re just not right for this position. That’s it. Samuels, you’re just not right for this position.”

     As soon as the door closed, Jeffery Samuels went to the closet and took out his two attaché cases. He was not guilty of fraud, as he once had been, but there were certain irregularities that he would not want anyone looking into. For example, advertising job positions that did not exist to keep looking busy and important in his position as Head of Human Resources. The current owner might never suspect, but his old employer would be only too ready to investigate. He would clear out the contents of his desk, max the company credit card and head for California. The hell with it. By the time they caught up with him he’d have assumed a different identity or be dead. Since his divorce, things had been slowly deteriorating for him anyway.

     As Jack Jackson walked past Samuels’ receptionist and headed to the bank of elevators, he pulled a packet of matches out of his pants pocket to light his cigar. He’d been a mail clerk at T.C.P. when the real John G. Bursey had still been its president. Now Jack was retired. In those days he’d delivered mail to Jeffery Samuels in-box. Four years, without so much as a “hello” from Samuels—the same person whose name he’d recently recognized as contact on a help-wanted ad. Once this Samuels had yelled at Jackson in front of the old mail clerk’s fellow workers for dropping a letter as he hurried about his rounds and Samuels had later gone out of his way to insure the Jackson hadn’t received a necessary raise. That had been ten years ago. Jack Jackson would be the first to admit that he had never been very fast. But he was resourceful, kept his ear to the ground and wasn’t above whiting out dates and re-photocopying an old Bursey résumé he’d Xeroxed long ago. Jackson never forgot Jeffrey Samuel’s vindictiveness. Now he could.

     Jack Jackson left feeling like a champ.

 

Something Must Happen

The prime test of whether you have a story or not is that you find in every completed story an explosion—muted, perhaps, delayed sometimes, or completely shattering—something which explodes and thus changes the status quo. Somewhere, either at the beginning, middle or end, there is an explosion in which all parts of the whole are expelled from an existing pattern—the lives of the characters are jolted from their rhythm, chaos is produced in their universe, and out of this upheaval, “that kind of person going through that kind of experience,” the creative skill of the author must find or imply some sort of solution. Thus the writer, before he or she begins to write, must anticipate, and comprehend this explosion, and then, without being guided by anything but his own inner logic, create—or suggest—new order from the old. An explosion can be many things, the breakup of a marriage, the beginning of love, the death of an old man, each can create its own chaos, provide its own solution.

Explosion may be used in three ways. One can begin with the explosion. It may begin with calm and existing order, proceed with rising intensity to an explosion at the center, working back to a new order at the end—which is never quite the same as the old. Or one can withhold one’s ammunition to the very end, as in Shirley Jackson’s story “The Lottery, when the stoning begins and the full meaning of the preceding ages bursts upon the reader, who is then left to reassemble the parts for himself.

     Once you start to write your story, the next important thing is to finish it. Writing is as simple, and as difficult as that. An incomplete story is no story at all, while a piece of writing with all its faults can be a story if brought to some related end. There is no substitute stage in one’s development as a writer for finishing what you have begun.

Always have two or three story ideas you could work on.
Always have two or three story ideas you could work on.

Truth—The Story Idea

Theme—Four Questions

  1. Is it your story to tell? Can you make it your own? Most often dynamic story ideas won’t be things that you already know and have settled. Settled things make for explanations not for absorbing fiction. Instead, they’ll be situations or people or memories that are troubling you, things you want, for yourself, to work out and understand. Is this something I really care about, something I partly understand, something that seems to want working out.
  2. Is it too personal for readers to become involved with it? You want what you say to reach and move a reader. You want to share exploration. Some experience is too close to us to do this. A second criterion should be: Can I work with this idea in a caring but uncompromising way to make it meaningful to somebody else.
  3. Is it going somewhere? Plot is a verb. Does your idea divide itself into a vivid opening, one or more specific developments and a solid ending. Can you put these in terms of scenes with a minimum of explanation. Does it have a plot or do I have to create a plot for it?
  4. What’s at stake? Is there something quite specific and vital at state—not just to me, but to one or more of the characters involved? Ideally you should be able to express the core plot in a sentence or two, in about the same space and style as program listings in TV Guide. If this sounds original, fine; if not, don’t worry. Nothing is original. It’s in the telling and in readers’ reactions that it becomes unique. There are always new readers and readers who weren’t ready for this when they read something similar to it before.

Exploring Story Ideas           

Story Idea Possibility Exercise (The Sun)

Mothers and sons (fathers and daughters)

Living alone

Mercy

Visiting relatives

Fears and phobias

Gratitude

Cleaning up

Temptation

Too close for comfort

Can’t win for losing

The bedroom

Help           

Class/Individual Examples

story idea

settings

characters

Do 3 of your own, plus settings and characters for each (share) 

Action

The theme of a successful story is inseparably embedded in the action taken by the characters. There are two types of action: fixed action and moving action. Fixed action is a pattern of behavior that shows character. However with moving action something happens, however slight, that won’t happen again. It is assumed that the events of moving action will take place only once and that whatever happens to the character as a result alters or moves him or her in such a way that the person will never experience or do the same thing in exactly the same way. Moving action alters fixed action. 

Discussion

“Fiction is nothing less than the subtlest instrument for self-examination and self-display that mankind has invented yet. For the air and iron, fire and spit of our daily mortal adventure there is nothing like fiction: it makes sociology look priggish, history problematical, the film media two-dimensional and the National Enquirer as silly as last week’s cereal box.”—John Updike

CoJournaling Exercise

Describe in some detail an older person you know fairly well. Look at the person’s situation and personality in a way that is more psychological or sociological than literary. 

Next try to imagine how that older person came to be that way. What happened to him or her? Now imagine a scene (a couple paragraphs) that show this happening. Track back to the moment when the subject started to become the way they are now, and present it as if it were happening before us.

 1.Evening Exercise (this should be three to six hand-written pages)

Construct a story as a series of three casually related events, and present each event as a scene. For example, show a woman who has lived for pleasure alone and who, therefore, compromises her family, fortune and happiness. Under extreme duress—nearly on her deathbed in a hospital, from a disease—she realizes how different her life could have been. From this central “epiphany,” the character decides to change. Either she dies, and the change is only a spiritual one, or she recovers and tries to reverse the damage she has don. Perhaps she succeeds and becomes happy—its best not to make that decision before you write, but in the midst of the events as you detail them.

 Art is a lie that makes us realize truth—Picasso

Significant Detail

If we carefully inspect our experience as we read, we discover that the importance of physical detail is that it creates for us a kind of dream, a rich and vivid play in the mind. We read a few words at the beginning of a book or the particular story, and suddenly we find ourselves seeing not words on a page but a train moving through Russia, an old Italian crying, or a farmhouse battered by rain. We read on—dream on—not passively but actively, worrying about the choices the characters have to make, listening in panic for some sound behind the fictional door, exulting in characters’ successes, bemoaning their failures. In great fiction, the dream engages us heart and soul; we not only respond to the imaginary things—sights, sounds, smells—as though they were real, we respond to fictional problems as thought they were real: We sympathize, think and judge. We act out, vicariously, the trials of characters and learn from the failures and successes of particular modes of action, particular attitudes, opinions, assertions, and beliefs exactly as we learn from life…

     Whatever the genre may be, fiction does its work by creating a dream in the reader’s mind. We may observe, first, that if the effect of the dream is to be powerful, the dream must probably be vivid and continuous—vivid because if we are not quite clear about what it is that we’re dreaming, who and where the characters are, what it is that they’re dreaming, and why, our emotions and judgments must be confused, dissipated, or blocked; and continuous because a repeatedly interrupted flow of action must necessarily have less force than an action directly carried through from its beginning to its conclusion. The chief mistake a writer can make is to allow or force the reader’s mind to be distracted, even momentarily, from the fictional dream

             —John Gardner, The Art of Fiction

Want to write a short story? Get plenty of rest.

Want to write a short story? Get plenty of rest.

“A short story is something that can be read in an hour and remembered for a lifetime.”—Stephen Vincent Benet

Introduction

   The short story has gone in and out of fashion, but the form itself offers writers a unique opportunity to sharpen their tools. Many of our greatest writers, Hemingway, Faulkner, Fitzgerald and Henry James were masters of the short story (as are contemporary writers, such as Joyce Carol Oats, John Updike, Lorrie Moore and Charles Baxter). There may not be the money in a collection of short stories that there is in a novel or autobiography, but they are a form readily publishable in over 4,000 smaller magazines that can provide leverage for eventually getting a longer work published.

   And there’s another advantage to the short story. A novel or piece of book length nonfiction is a world complete in itself. A short story is more like a spotlight that shines on a crowd of people. We see what is there but also know there are things to the right and the left of the spotlight that we can’t see directly. These are the events with the characters of the short story that happened before it began or that will happen after it the words on the page are over. As writers we have to plant clues for the reader and we depend upon that reader to create what isn’t expressed. It’s this partnering with an audience in the creative process that is invaluable for other types of writing. They depend upon it, but nowhere (except perhaps with poetry) is it more essential than with the short story. The secret of good writing is to get your reader actively involved doing the work for you. Writing short stories shows us how to do that. And a workshop setting with each of us providing feedback is one of the best ways I know to see how well we are doing this. The words are important, but the story takes place beneath the words, in the imagination of the person who reads it.

   I will begin with a series of very brief writing exercises. As we progress we’ll take what we learned from them to the structure of a full piece. This example will provide lessons you can apply to stories you’ve already written or to ones you plan to write. Don’t worry about the content of the exercises or whether or not you write well on demand. The important thing is what you get from doing them. If they trigger some subjects for future work, all the better, but that’s a bonus not necessarily their purpose.

Overview

   If your goal is to grant wishes to your readers, disturb them or transport them, the short story is a great vehicle, but be warned, the good ones seem easier to execute than they are.  

     We’ll begin by looking at the source of story energy (the art of engaging readers) and story design (plot concept and its various forms). Then, while writing individually and working on a story together, we’ll apply techniques of scene, point of view, sequence and discovery. Through a close reading of some contemporary examples, we’ll explore how the use of turning point, emotional dynamics and setups/payoffs to effectively order and link scenes so they build to crisis, climax and, ultimately, revelation for the reader.

   There are two basic types of short story depending upon whether they are driven predominantly by:

1. Character

2. Plot 

Both utilize scenes. The elements within scenes include:

            Dynamics between characters

            Dialogue

            Motivation for each character

            Description

            Actions of each character

            Then there is the relationship of the scenes themselves to the whole:

            Story structure

            Point of View of the narration

              

Discussion

     Scope: How is a short story different from a novel? For the reader? For the writer? 

     The first thing is to accept the fact that if a novel is a landscape, the short story is a close-up. You must choose subjects with narrower scope—such as an event, a moment in time, captured as if by accident.

SAMPLE SHORT STORY

untie-thumb

Anatomy of a Story

by Jack Lehman 

     How much detail should a writer include, what makes dialogue interesting, should there be a twist at the end of a short story? The answer to these questions is that you need to go deeper than these stylistic matters. Back to the underlying reason this is a story that has to be told.

     “I’m not Bill, I’m Roland, his son.”

     “I’m sorry I didn’t realize how much you’ve grown since I last saw you. I’m John, Bill’s uncle. You look a lot like your dad.”

     “He’s around here someplace, doing something for the wedding.”

     “Good, good. I drove in from Wisconsin for this and…well it’s been a while since I’ve seen any member’s of my brother’s, your grandfather’s, family.”

     “You were my grandpa’s brother?”

     “Yes, still am. I mean he’s no longer alive, but I am. I just haven’t seen anyone for a while, being out of town and all, like I said.”

     And I knew that was the case for Bill as well. He lived in Cleveland where he was a fire fighter. Ironically, his was the last family wedding I had attended. My daughter and I had driven to it from Madison, Wisconsin, and stopped off in Ann Arbor on the way. I had gone to graduate school there and she was considering doing her post graduate work at the University of Michigan as well. Now Bill and his wife had been divorced for many years and his two children lived with their mother.

     That was the curious thing about weddings. We go to them to be inspired, to praise everlasting love between a man and a woman. But what about second marriages like this one of my niece I was now attending in the forest preserve of a Chicago suburb on a late Friday afternoon in June? As I was to look at the front row of chairs set up by the gazebo for our side of the family, I could see that most who were sitting there were divorced, separated or the children of parents no longer together. Fortunately most of them had little tasks to perform: take care of the rings, make sure the place cards on the dinner tables inside were correctly assigned, practice a wedding toast or help the bride get dressed.

     I didn’t see Anne anyplace before the ceremony. I guessed she was preparing for a grand entrance. As to the groom, he was anybody’s guess. There were men in suits gathered at various spots throughout the garden. Any one of them would do.

     OK, what attracts me to this subject? Being uncomfortable about a setting in which everyone seems to know one another and have something to do, except me? That, even more than why people join together and split apart, seems to be the answer. Creating a story gives me control over a situation I didn’t have in real life. But now the characters and scenes are free to lead me beyond. I don’t know where. That is what is exciting to both reader and writer, because in fictionalizing the situation, it is possible some deeper truth may emerge. Curiosity and risk become driving forces.

     I thought about the tall gangling boy who had stood before me, wanting to get free.

He looked like Bill, and Bill (when he came around the corner as we were talking) looked like a younger version of me. My own adult children, as well as my deceased older sister’s sons and daughters, had not been invited, and my second-wife and I had been in the midst of a major disagreement. She’d decided not to come.

     Because I wanted to take pictures, I slipped to the side of the chairs and dutifully, after an interminable wait of electronic keyboard music, captured the big entrance, the rising for prayers led by a friend-of-the-groom’s-family minister, and some quick words by an attractive female judge in requisite full-length robe. Then it was time for the exchanging of vows.

     Anne: “I remember the afternoon at the country club meeting this man who’d been playing tennis with some of my friends.”

     This was nice. Personal, real.  But then, behind the pianist, through the bushes, I saw the face of someone who probably had not been invited—Anne’s former husband.

     “I realized, here is the man I had been looking for all my life, the man I was meant to be married to.”

     There was a loud crack. Like a gun. But it wasn’t a gun, it was thunder. The sky covered over and the world turned ominously black. The judge hurriedly wrapped up the proceedings. Within minutes the bridal party, attendant family and guests, robed judge, friend-of-the-groom’s-family minister and I were scurrying through the rain like a gaggle of geese toward “The Grove” bungalow-like reception hall where a beef and chicken buffet would be served. The ghost of the former husband—real or imagined—had disappeared.

      Plot has moved forward. The setting mirrors the suppressed inner conflict of the narrator. So what? What’s in this for me? the reader asks. Or for me, I, as writer, also wonder. Why continue. But discovery in a short story is a vertical rather than horizontal thing. We don’t find something new, but rather how elements of the story that didn’t seem to be connected at first, now start to fit together.  

     It was only when I saw the wife of my brother, Ted, and her sister that I suddenly knew. The sister, was grey, overweight and bent. Talking too much, I could tell even from a distance. I had known her first when we were both sixteen. She had dark eyes and had had black Italian hair she wore in a Bobbie cut. She’d been popular— active in school and church activities—and I, well I was a rather introverted nerd. But that connection wasn’t what struck me. It was that my brother was not there. Often we invoke those who have passed on, as if they were present in some way. Anne had about her father when I went through the reception line and talked to her. But what really surprised me was when Anne’s sister, Sarah, introduced me to her youngest daughter.

     “This is your grandpa’s brother, my uncle. Uncle John.” And then to me, “Oh, I forget she was born after Dad died. She never knew him.”

     There is a wonderful photograph I remember of Ted, his wife and all of all his young children, striding toward the camera, like the Kennedy’s or something. Then he had died. Ten years earlier than even he had expected.

     Suddenly I was my brother returning. A stranger. And life had moved on.

  

THE END

 

Many miles to go before I sleep.

Many miles to go before I sleep.

 

Some give us birth, some give us children, but it’s gypsy women in the night who adorn our male bruises with tattoos. 

Why I’m Telling You This 

I’ve always thought that organizing and re-organizing books is a pretty good metaphor for life itself. Remember the first time you did it—placing the large picture books on one end and the smaller ones, like Beatrix Potter, on the other. As we grow older we keep only those that still hold a piece of ourselves and add others full of mystery (like the Hardy Boys or Nancy Drew), adventure (Call of the Wild) and even young romance (and here I have to defer to my wife’s Anne of Green Gables). Words replace pictures as we travel back in time or forward out into space. “Once a reader, always a reader,” proclaims the masthead of a pulp magazine from the ‘20s. 

Then the day comes when we merge our personal collection with that of another. Over the years these books weather moves, suffer damage from mildew in basements or are even lost when we lend some to friends who don’t return them. When that happens we feel it more personally than a missing casserole dish. A book can be replaced, but for sentimental reasons we seldom do it. And perhaps that’s how love is lost, for inevitably the day comes when we must separate what is ours from what is hers (or his), decide what is me and what is, after all, someone else.           

Perhaps you have a book that once belonged to your mother or father. For me it is one called How to Draw Anything. My dad, who was an aspiring painter, prized it and referred to it often. Don’t we secretly hope that someday after we are dead one of our children or one of our friends will hold a book that was part of us and take it home, make it live on in his or her life? But, that’s not why I’m telling you this. There’s more to sharing our stories than books.           

This happened to me twenty years ago. I had been fortunate to have a half- dozen poems published over a period of a year and a half. My nephew who was an adult living in Chicago heard about this and asked me to send him some of my poetry.  I xeroxed a number of poems and sent them off. A month later he wrote that he’d enjoyed them well enough, but that he was very surprised when his mother (my sister) came over one night and spent a couple hours in an easy chair reading them…one in particular. I instantly knew which poem this was.  

When I was about fourteen my sister and her husband were expecting their third child. They had decided to name it “John” if it were a boy.  At that age I took this to mean they were naming the baby after me. The baby was born, right before Christmas. It was a boy. Unfortunately it lived for only a few days, then died.   Everyone gathered at my parents’ home for Christmas Eve. Ordinarily my sister who was sixteen years older than me, would have been in the middle of the celebration, she was very gregarious. That night she didn’t feel like it so she sat in an easy chair in my room as I worked on a model railroad building. I didn’t know what to say. I still wouldn’t; but years later when I wrote a poem called “Autobiography” it was this experience that was one of its central images. And now years later, through writing, my feelings expressed in that poem reached her. No publication in a magazine could possibly compare to that.           

Several years after my nephew’s note, I invited my sister to participate in one of my writing seminars. She had been a journalist and I thought it might get her writing again. When it came to the point where I talk about showing your work to others and trying to get publishing, I thought to myself, Should I include this anecdote I usually told about this autobiographic poem. My sister and I had never discussed her child’s death directly. Well, I decided to go ahead and recount the story.  When I finished all eyes turned to her, they knew she was my sister. She said, “You know, it wasn’t that you didn’t say anything, the trouble was that no one said anything.” I was so happy she had seen that poem. That she knew we did care, even if we couldn’t say it. Later in the year, at another seminar, a woman called out, “My God, I had a baby, named John, who died and no one would talk about it either.”  

We’re all friends,…who just don’t know each other. Sharing our stories is a way in which we do. Thank you for coming tonight and listening to mine. I hope they remind you of some of your own stories that you might otherwise have forgotten. Stories you make your own, that you can tell others. Little scenes with a direction and meaning, at least for you; in which you take risks that test the boundaries of who you are. In some mysterious way stories and poems, yours and mine, help us to understand our world and guide us forward. Perhaps they are, after all, the handouts for a satisfying life that we though we never got.  

Slowly at first, then with gusto 

And remember…

 All you  need  are suds,  suds, suds
are all  you  need. All  you  need  are  suds  (all
together  now). All you need  are suds  (every-
body). All  you need  are suds, suds, suds  are
all you need.”

 

Darkness, then the lights come up on an empty stage. John enters from stage right, bows and waves good-night.   

THE  END

 Encore:

If Poets Did Useful Things 

It’s dark. People need to be places,

yet the Poet Transportation Authority

busses lurch, wild-eyed and empty,

down half-deserted streets, drivers

muttering, “ And miles to go before I

sleep. And miles to go before I sleep.”

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